Table 4.
The adjusted odds ratios of lower birth weight for pre-pregnancy BMI, in the whole cohort and subgroups.
| Odds Ratios of Lower Birth Weight for BMI Categories | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Birth Weight | Cases/ Controls |
OR (95% CI:); p | AOR * (95% CI:); p |
| LBW (<2500 g) ** (n = 60) |
|||
| Whole cohort | |||
| Obesity | 13/62 | 3.39 (1.69−6.81); 0.001 | 1.76 (0.54−5.72); 0.349 |
| Overweight | 12/135 | 1.44 (0.72−2.87); 0.301 | 1.51 (0.52−4.41); 0.454 |
| Normal BMI | 32/518 | 1 | 1 |
| Underweight | 3/40 | 1.21 (0.36−4.14); 0.757 | 0.42 (0.05−3.57); 0.428 |
| ‘Healthy’ subgroup | |||
| Obesity | 2/26 | 1.59 (0.35−7.17); 0.547 | 1.10 (0.16−7.43); 0.925 |
| Overweight | 6/96 | 1.29 (0.51−3.3); 0.594 | 0.92 (0.21−4.01); 0.914 |
| Normal BMI | 20/413 | 1 | 1 |
| Underweight | 1/30 | 0.69 (0.09−5.31); 0.720 | 0.49 (0.05−5.12); 0.547 |
| GWG in the range | |||
| Obesity | 6/13 | 17.00 (4.8−60.1); <0.001 | 17.42 (1.5−202.6); 0.022 |
| Overweight | 8/35 | 8.42 (2.76−25.7); <0.001 | 9.07 (1.29−63.70); 0.027 |
| Normal BMI | 6/221 | 1 | 1 |
| Underweight | 3/14 | 7.89 (1.78−34.93); 0.006 | 2.51 (0.07−96.7); 0.622 |
| SGA *** (n = 56) | |||
| Whole cohort | |||
| Obesity | 6/63 | 1.40 (0.57−3.47); 0.466 | 0.91 (0.33−2.52); 0.861 |
| Overweight | 13/137 | 1.40 (0.72−2.72); 0.327 | 1.33 (0.64−2.74); 0.443 |
| Normal BMI | 34/500 | 1 | 1 |
| Underweight | 3/36 | 1.23 (0.36−4.18); 0.746 | 1.27 (0.36−4.51); 0.707 |
| ‘Healthy’ subgroup | |||
| Obesity | 2/26 | 1.64 (0.36−7.42); 0.521 | 1.46 (0.31−6.93); 0.638 |
| Overweight | 6/98 | 1.31 (0.51−3.35); 0.580 | 1.19 (0.43−3.32); 0.738 |
| Normal BMI | 19/405 | 1 | 1 |
| Underweight | 2/27 | 1.58 (0.35−7.14); 0.553 | 1.46 (0.31−6.88); 0.630 |
| GWG in the range | |||
| Obesity | 2/18 | 1.81 (0.38−8.66); 0.457 | 1.75 (0.29−10.5); 0.543 |
| Overweight | 4/39 | NA | 1.28 (0.33−5.03); 0.722 |
| Normal BMI | 13/212 | 1 | 1 |
| Underweight | 1/13 | 1.25 (0.15−10.34); 0.833 | 1.89 (0.21−17.1); 0.572 |
* AOR: adjusted odds ratios (with 95% CI: confidence intervals) calculated in the multiple logistic regression (p-value < 0.05 was assumed to be significant) and the results were obtained after adjustment for: Excessive gestational weight gain (GWG), primiparity, maternal age, maternal height, smoking in the first trimester, fetal sex, preeclampsia, and gestational diabetes mellitus in the current pregnancy, and gestational age at childbirth (in the subgroups, hypertension and diabetes or GWG were excluded); ** analyses covered the cases vs. newborns 2500−4000 g; *** analyses covered the cases vs. newborns 10−90th percentile without fetal growth restriction). SGA: small-for-gestational age (birth weight < 10th percentile without fetal growth restriction); ‘Healthy’ subgroup: Women who did not develop either diabetes or hypertension in the current pregnancy; BMI: Body mass index; GWG: Gestational weight gain.