Table 1. Description of the study population by sex comparison considering complex sampling design.
| Females | Males | p-value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| (n = 89,376) | (n = 70,538) | ||
| Age | |||
| Mean (SD) | 44.3 (16.9) | 44.4 (17.2) | 0.51 |
| Age (categories) | |||
| <40 years | 51,232 (46.5%) | 36,727 (45.8%) | 0.31 |
| 40–59 years | 24,553 (33.1%) | 22,188 (33.5%) | |
| ≥60 years | 13,591 (20.4%) | 11,623 (20.7%) | |
| Education level | |||
| <7 years | 27,034 (30.4%) | 18,093 (23.4%) | <0.001 |
| 7–11 years | 32,046 (36.5%) | 30,114 (41.6%) | |
| ≥12 years | 24,479 (33.1%) | 20,970 (35.0%) | |
| Socioeconomic position (assets) | |||
| Low | 29,107 (23.6%) | 24,070 (24.6%) | 0.002 |
| Middle | 30,201 (30.1%) | 23,557 (30.3%) | |
| High | 30,068 (46.3%) | 22,911 (45.1%) | |
| Study area | |||
| Rural | 30,142 (24.1%) | 25,632 (25.4%) | <0.001 |
| Urban | 59,234 (75.9%) | 44,906 (74.6%) | |
| Altitude | |||
| ≤500 m.a.s.l. | 43,316 (59.9%) | 34,757 (61.6%) | <0.001 |
| 501–2500 m.a.s.l. | 17,850 (15.4%) | 14,805 (16.0%) | |
| ≥2501 m.a.s.l | 28,210 (24.7%) | 20,976 (22.4%) | |
| Body mass index | |||
| Mean (SD) | 27.5 (5.0) | 26.6 (4.4) | <0.001 |
| Body mass index (categories) | |||
| Normal (<25 kg/m2) | 30,048 (32.4%) | 29,208 (38.0%) | <0.001 |
| Overweight (25 to <30 kg/m2) | 36,006 (40.4%) | 29,276 (43.0%) | |
| Obese (≥30 kg/m2) | 23,322 (27.2%) | 12,054 (19.0%) | |
| Blood pressure levels | |||
| Systolic blood pressure, mean (SD) | 118.4 (16.7) | 127.4 (15.3) | <0.001 |
| Diastolic blood pressure, mean (SD) | 70.3 (9.3) | 74.7 (9.9) | <0.001 |
| Hypertension | |||
| Yes | 13,690 (19.5%) | 13,660 (23.2%) | <0.001 |
Note:
SD, Standard deviation; m.a.s.l. = meters above the sea level.