Figure 1.

Diagram of the in vitro hippocampal NVU system.

Astrocytes were seeded in the outer side of the matching Transwell inserts, after neurons were seeded into a 24-well culture plate and cultured for 3–5 days. After 2 days of co-culture, brain endothelial cells were seeded on the inner side of the matching well inserts. The hippocampal NVU system could be successfully established after these three cell types were co-cultured for 3 days. AS: Astrocyte; BM: brain microvascular endothelial cell; NE: neuron; NVU: neurovascular unit.