Table 1.

Performance of Membrane Separation for Mercury and Heavy metals.

Membrane	Mixture Components	Separation Conditions	Rejection % or Removal %	Ref.
Two micro-porous PP supported membrane loaded with a mixed N/O/S-donor	Ag+ and Hg2+	Na2S2O3 (0.04 M) and EDTA disodium salt (0.025 M) as stripping agents in 3.5 h	95.3% Ag+ and 94.7% Hg2+	[75]
30% cellulose triacetate (CTA), 60% 2-nitrophenyl octyl ether (NPOE), and 10% w/w Cyanex 471	HgCl2	Hg [2+] in HCl + NaCl at pH 12.	81 %	[82]
D2EHPA (CAS No. 298-07-7) with 98.5% purity	HgCl2	1 M H2SO4 with 0.5 M thiourea	92%	[84]
polyethyleneimine (PEI)	Hg in a heavy metal mixture	pH 5.5 cadmium/polymer ratio about 0.35 mercury/polymer ratio about 0.39	98% Hg and 97% Cd	[99]
1,1,7,7-tetraethyl 4(tetradecyl)diethylenetriamine (TE14DT)	Cd2+/Pb2+ and Hg2+/ Cu2+ mixtures	pH 2.5	90%	[100]
poly(benzylsulfone)	Hg2+	Diluted in hydrochloric acid	>90%	[101]
Mixed-matrix membranes (sorbent particles and polysulfone)	Ca2+, Ag+, Hg2+	Diluted in HCl at pH 4	95% Hg2+	[102]
Cyanex 302 (bis(2,4,4-trimethyl- pentyl)thiophosphinic acid) in kerosene	Cu2+ and Hg2+	Diluted in phosphoric acid slurry	70%	[96]
Mn/Mo/Ru/Al2O3 membrane	Hg	Diluted in hydrochloric acid	95%	[97]
Polyvinylamine	mercury - sodium chloride and sulfate	feed mercury concentration range tested (0–50 ppm)	99%	[98]
Cross flow membrane filtration cell (CF 042, Sterlitech, California)	Hg2+	higher operating pressures (≥34.5 bar)	95%	[103]