Table 1.
Patients’ characteristics at baseline.
| Variables | Idiopathic (N = 77) | MO a (N = 20) | p-Value * | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Gender, n (%) | 0.098 | |||
| Female | 35 (45) | 5 (25) | ||
| Male | 42 (55) | 15 (75) | ||
| Age, years | Mean (SD b) | 12.0 (1.5) | 10.8 (1.8) | 0.001 |
| Height, cm | Mean (SD) | 1.58 (0.10) | 141 (0.11) | <0.001 |
| Height (z-score c) | Mean (SD) | 0.87 (1.66) | −0.47 (1.09) | <0.001 |
| Weight, kg | Mean (SD) | 59(10) | 40(9) | <0.001 |
| Weight (z-score) | Mean (SD) | 1.13 (0.91) | 0.03 (0.95) | <0.001 |
| BMI d | Mean (SD) | 23.6 (2.9) | 20.1 (3.0) | <0.001 |
| BMI (z-score) | Mean (SD) | 1.00 (0.74) | 0.31 (0.96) | 0.005 |
| IMD e, cm | Mean (SD) | 11.6 (2.6) | 11.1 (1.4) | 0.670 |
| Laterality, n (%) | <0.001 | |||
| Unilateral | 3 (4) | 7 (35) | ||
| Bilateral | 74 (96) | 13 (65) |
a MO: multiple osteochondromas; b SD: standard deviation; c z-scores were calculated using the Cacciari growth charts [25]; d BMI: body mass index; e IMD: inter-malleolar distance. * p-values: Mann–Whitney U test (Wilcoxon) for continuous variables, χ2 or exact Fisher test for categorical variables.