Table 3.
Limbs’ characteristics at postoperative evaluation.
| Limbs’ Characteristics | Idiopathic (N = 151) | MO a (N = 33) | p-Value * | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Radiographic Parameters | ||||
| MAD b, mm | Mean (SD) | −12.20(11.89) | −0.13 (14.91) | <0.001 |
| MAD, % | Mean (SD) | −15.36(15.33) | 0.28 (19.77) | <0.001 |
| aLDFA c, degree (°) | Mean (SD) | 85.6 (4.5) | 81.7 (5.3) | <0.001 |
| mLDFA d, degree (°) | Mean (SD) | 90.5 (4.2) | 86.6 (4.1) | <0.001 |
| MPTA e, degree (°) | Mean (SD) | 89.1 (3.4) | 90.0 (5.3) | 0.46 |
| HKA f, degree (°) | Mean (SD) | −2.75 (3.4) | 0.66 (5.21) | <0.001 |
| Correction velocity, mm/month | Mean (SD) | 1.66 (0.97) | 0.93 (1.10) | <0.001 |
| Achievement of correction, n (%) | <0.001 | |||
| Unresolved | 3 (2) | 3 (9.1) | ||
| Partially resolved | 15 (9.9) | 12 (36.4) | ||
| Completely resolved | 91 (60.3) | 14 (42.4) | ||
| Overcorrected | 42 (27.8) | 4 (12.1) | ||
| Complications | ||||
| CDS g > 2 (major complications), n (%) | <0.001 | |||
| No | 148 (98) | 23 (70) | ||
| Yes | 3 (2) | 10 (30) | ||
| CDS > 2 (excluding excision of OCs), n (%) | 0.006 | |||
| No | 148 (98) | 29 (88) | ||
| Yes | 3 h (2) | 4 i (12) | ||
a MO: multiple osteochondromas; b MAD: mechanical axis deviation; c aLDFA: anatomical lateral distal femoral angle; d mLDFA: mechanical lateral distal femoral angle; e MPTA: medial proximal tibial angle; f HKA: hip–knee–ankle angle; g CDS: Clavien-Dindo-Sink score; h one tibial overcorrection treated by valgus osteotomy at the end of growth, one deep infection after staple removal treated by surgical debridement, one plate malposition treated by plate repositioning; i four supplementary staplings for valgus rebound. * p-values: Mann–Whitney U test (Wilcoxon) for continuous variables, χ2 or exact Fisher test for categorical variables.