Table 1.
Personal and professional characteristics of the 1346 clinical faculty
| Participant Demographics n (%) or mean [SD] | |
|---|---|
| Gender | |
| Female | 589 (43.8) |
| Male | 595 (44.2) |
| Nonbinary/third gender/other | 52 (3.9) |
| Missing | 110 (8.2) |
| Age | |
| 20–39 | 372 (27.6) |
| 40–59 | 639 (47.5) |
| 60+ | 219 (16.3) |
| Missing | 116 (8.6) |
| Professional characteristics | |
| Faculty level | |
| Instructor, other | 153 (11.4) |
| Assistant professor | 639 (47.5) |
| Associate professor/professor | 429 (31.9) |
| Missing | 125 (9.3) |
| Full-time status | |
| Full-time | 1093 (81.2) |
| Part-time >60 | 113 (8.4) |
| Part-time <60 | 36 (2.6) |
| Missing | 105 (7.8) |
| % Time spent on clinical care | |
| 1–40% | 330 (24.5) |
| 41–60% | 277 (20.6) |
| >60% | 739 (54.9) |
| Hours worked per week | |
| <=40 | 199 (14.8) |
| 41–60 | 625 (46.4) |
| >60 | 416 (30.9) |
| Missing | 106 (7.9) |
| Department | |
| Primary Care | 170 (12.6) |
| Medicine/Pediatrics subspecialty | 226 (16.8) |
| Surgery (general and subspecialties) | 182 (13.5) |
| Hospital & EM | 146 (10.8) |
| Anesthesia/Radiology/Pathology | 205 (15.2) |
| Other specialties | 230 (17.1) |
| Other departments | 82 (6.1) |
| Depression, Resilience, and Meaning | |
| Depression (PHQ-2) | |
| Screen positive | 291 (21.6) |
| Work I do is meaningful to me | |
| Disagree/strongly disagree | 31 (2.3) |
| Neither agree nor disagree | 45 (3.3) |
| Agree/strongly agree | 1265 (93.8) |
| Missing | 7 (0.5) |
| Resilience (CD-RISC-2) a | 7.0 [1.3] |
| Electronic Health Record & Clerical Burden | |
| EHR adds frustration to my day | |
| Disagree/strongly disagree | 296 (22.0) |
| Neither agree nor disagree | 346 (25.7) |
| Agree/strongly agree | 683 (50.7) |
| Missing | 21 (1.6) |
| Time spent on EHR (outside work) per day (min) | |
| 0 | 180 (13.4) |
| <30 | 275 (20.4) |
| 30–60 | 320 (23.8) |
| 61–90 | 241 (17.9) |
| >90 | 303 (22.5) |
| Missing | 27 (2.0) |
| Time Spent on clerical work per day (min) | |
| 0 | 194 (14.4) |
| <30 | 416 (30.9) |
| 30–60 | 388 (28.8) |
| 61–90 | 192 (14.3) |
| > 90 | 141 (10.5) |
| Missing | 15 (1.1) |
| Practice makes an effort to unload clerical burden | |
| Not at all/a little | 624 (46.4) |
| Somewhat/a lot | 700 (52.0) |
| Missing | 22 (1.6) |
| Burnout, work–life integration, and professional satisfaction | |
| Maslach Burnout Inventory b | 2.8 [1.9] |
| Burned out | 390 (29.0) |
| Not burned out | 910 (67.6) |
| Missing | 46 (3.4) |
| Mayo Well-Being Index b | 4.0 [3.2] |
| Burned out | 453 (33.7) |
| Not burned out | 849 (63.1) |
| Missing | 44 (3.3) |
| Work leaves enough time for family (WLI) | |
| Disagree/strongly disagree | 553 (41.1) |
| Neither agree nor disagree | 279 (20.7) |
| Agree/strongly agree | 508 (37.7) |
| Missing | 6 (0.) |
| Overall I am satisfied with my job (PS) | |
| Disagree/strongly disagree | 239 (17.8) |
| Neither agree nor disagree | 251 (18.6) |
| Agree/strongly agree | 849 (63.1) |
| Missing | 7 (0.5) |
CD-RISC-2 = Conner-Davidson Resilience Scale 2 item; EHR = Electronic health record; EM = Emergency Medicine; MBI-2 = Maslach Burnout Inventory 2 item; min=minutes; PS = Professional Satisfaction (Overall I am satisfied with my job); Path = Pathology; PHQ-2 = Patient Health Questionnaire 2 item; WBI = Mayo Well-Being Index; WLI = Work–life integration (My work schedule leaves enough time for my personal/family life).
a
Continuous measures are described as mean [SD].
b
For both burnout measures, percentages represent the percentage of respondents who met the designated threshold for burnout on each scale (see Methods).