Table 1.

Previously Diagnosed MBA with DOC Cases

Author/Date	Gender/DOC Age	DOC/Duration	Brainstem Aura	Retinal Aura	Other Aura	Aura Duration	Accompanying Symptoms	Headache Location	EEG	Family History
Bickerstaff1 1961	F/14	Coma/2 min	No	Blurred vision, flashing light, blindness	Hands and feet tingling	NA	Vomiting	Occipital	Normal	Yes
	F/14	Sopor/30 min	Vertigo, ataxia	Visual distortion, blindness	No	15–30 min	No	Occipital	Normal	Yes
	F/12	Coma/2 min	Vertigo, ataxia	Visual discoloration	Body numbness, hands and feet tingling	5–20 min	Vomiting	Occipital	Normal	NA
	F/15	Coma/1 min	Vertigo, tinnitus	Flashing light, blurred vision	No	5 min	No	Occipital	Normal	Yes
Lee2 1977	★F/7	Coma/2 h	Vertigo, diplopia, ataxia	No	No	NA	Mental disorder, vomiting	Left side	Normal	Yes
	M/14	Stupor/3–18 h	Vertigo, ataxia	Blurred vision, flashing light, amaurosis	No	6 h	Vomiting, confusion	Frontal	Excess slow activity	NA
	F/17	Stupor-coma/2 d-3 d	Vertigo, ataxia	Left homonymous hemianopia	Hysteria	5 d	Photophobia, vomiting	NA	Normal	NA
	F/29	Coma/2 h	No	Left homonymous hemianopia	Cheeks and mouth numbness	NA	Left ptosis, pupillary dilatation	NA	Normal	NA
	F/25	Stupor-coma/2 h-5 d	Dysarthria, ataxia	Blurred vision	No	1–3d	Vomiting	Unilateral or bilateral	Normal	NA
	F/44	Drowsiness-coma/minutes-24 h	Diplopia, ataxia, dysarthria	Blurred vision	No	Several minutes	Nystagmus	Occipital	Normal/excess slow waves	NA
Hockaday3 1979	M/1	Drowsiness/30 min-hours	Dysarthria	No	Tingling and weakness	Hours	Vomiting	NA	Normal	Yes
	M/5	Coma/1 min	Ataxia	Blindness	No	35 min	Vomiting	NA	Normal	Yes
Smith4 1989	F/14	Coma/1 min	Vertigo	Blurred vision	No	Seconds	Photophobia	Occipital	Normal	Yes
Frequin5 1991	M/25	Coma/10 d	Vertigo, dysarthria	No	Left hemiparesis	Several hours	Abdominal discomfort	Occipital	Suppression-burst pattern	NA
Ganji6 1993	M/54	Coma/24 h	No	No	No	NA	No	Occipital	Slow waves	NA
Muellbacher7 1994	★F/35	Drowsiness/NA	Vertigo, dysarthria, ataxia	No	Dysesthesias of both hands and feet	NA	Nausea, vomiting, photosensitivity	Occipital, frontal	Slow waves	Yes
Maytal8 1998	M/17	Drowsiness/24h	Vertigo, dysarthria, ataxia	Blurred vision	Perioral and fingers numbness	Several hours	No	Left posterior	Slow waves	NA
Li9 2011	M/10	Coma/5–30 min	Dysarthria, diplopia, vertigo	Flashing light	No	30 min-6 h	Nausea, photophobia, phonophobia	NA	Slow waves	Yes
	★F/8	Coma/10 min-2 h	Vertigo, diplopia, hypacusis, ataxia	No	No	10 min	Photophobia	Temples, forehead	Normal	NA
Marsala10 2012	F/16	Drowsiness/several hours	No	Left lateral homonymous hemianopsia	No	10 h	Nausea, vomiting	Right frontal parietal-occipital	NA	Yes
Inoue11 2013	★M/6	Coma/30 s-1 min	Vertigo	No	No	Several hours	Nausea, vomiting, intense fear	NA	Normal	Yes
Nesbitt12 2016	F/41	Hypersomnia/16 h	Diplopia, ataxia	Micropsia, macropsia	Bitter dysgeusia	5–20 min	Photophobia	Left infraorbital	Normal	Yes
	M/12	Drowsiness 12–14 h	Dysphasia, hyperacusis	No	Osmophobia	5 min	Photophobia, phonophobia	Vertex	Normal	Yes
Chou13 2018	F/12	Coma/30–60 min	Vertigo, diplopia	Visual disturbance	Lip tingling	10–15 min	No	Occipital	δ wave	Yes
	★F/15	Coma/20–60 min	Diplopia	No	Heat, numbness, tinnitus	5–10 min	No	Occipital	δ wave	NA
Rossi14 2018	M/47	Coma/a few seconds	Vertigo, tinnitus, ataxia, dysarthria,	Visual flashing, bilateral visual impairment	Hearing loss, exploding head syndrome	5 s	Nausea, photophobia, phonophobia	Right occipital-parietal, bitemporal	Normal	No
Chirchiglia15 2019	M/17	Coma/transient	Vertigo, dysarthria, diplopia	Metamorphopsia	Perceptual distortions	30 min	No	Diffuse or occipital	Normal	No

Note: ★These cases meet the current diagnostic criteria of MBA with DOC according to the ICHD-3 criteria.

Abbreviations: F, female; M, male; NA, not available.