Table 1.

Search Strategy (PubMed)

Steps	Search
#1	“low back pain”[MeSH] OR “lumbago”[Ti/Ab] OR “low back ache”[Ti/Ab]
#2	“acupuncture”[MeSH] OR “moxibustion” [MeSH] OR “electroacupuncture”[Ti/Ab] OR “electric acupuncture”[Ti/Ab] OR “fire needle”[Ti/Ab] OR “fire acupuncture”[Ti/Ab] OR “warm acupuncture”[Ti/Ab] OR “warm needle”[Ti/Ab] OR “needle warming moxibustion”[Ti/Ab] OR “heat sensitive moxibustion”[Ti/Ab] OR “auricular needle”[Ti/Ab] OR “ear needle”[Ti/Ab] OR “acupoint”[Ti/Ab]
#3	“randomized controlled trial”[Pt] OR “controlled clinical trial”[Pt] OR “randomized”[Ti/Ab] OR “clinical trials as topic”[MeSH] OR “randomly”[Ti/Ab] OR “trial”[Ti] OR “clinical”[Ti]
#4	English[Lan]
#5	#1 AND #2 AND #3 AND #4