Table 2.
Characteristics of pre- and post-menopausal women, stratified by HIV status.
| HIV+ | HIV− | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Pre-menopausal (N=99) | Post-menopausal (N=182) | P-valuea | Age-adjusted P-valueb | Pre-menopausal (N=71) | Post-menopausal (N=80) | P-valuea | Age-adjusted P-valueb | |
| Age, y (mean ± SD) | 45.4 ± 5.6 | 57.1 ± 5.8 | <0.0001 | 43.6 ± 5.6 | 57.9 ± 6.2 | <0.0001 | ||
| Site (%) | 0.52 | 0.23 | 1 | 0.29 | ||||
| Bronx | 42.4 | 48.9 | 52.1 | 51.2 | ||||
| Brooklyn | 30.3 | 28.0 | 23.9 | 25.0 | ||||
| Chicago | 27.3 | 23.1 | 23.9 | 23.8 | ||||
| Race (%) | 0.08 | 0.65 | 0.32 | 0.07 | ||||
| Black/African-American | 58.6 | 63.2 | 59.2 | 65.0 | ||||
| White | 4.0 | 9.9 | 5.6 | 1.2 | ||||
| Other or multi-racial | 37.4 | 26.9 | 35.2 | 33.8 | ||||
| Hispanic (%) | 30.3 | 26.4 | 0.49 | 0.95 | 35.2 | 16.2 | 0.009 | 0.08 |
| Country of birth (%) | 0.05 | 0.04 | 0.03 | 0.43 | ||||
| U.S. | 71.7 | 82.4 | 76.1 | 87.5 | ||||
| Puerto Rico or other U.S. territories | 5.1 | 6.0 | 1.4 | 3.8 | ||||
| Other countries | 23.2 | 11.5 | 22.5 | 8.8 | ||||
| Education (%) | 0.78 | 0.39 | 0.16 | 0.70 | ||||
| Grade 6 or less | 2.0 | 3.3 | 0 | 0 | ||||
| Grade 7-11 | 41.4 | 38.5 | 39.4 | 47.5 | ||||
| Completed high school | 32.3 | 27.5 | 26.8 | 35.0 | ||||
| Some college | 20.2 | 25.3 | 26.8 | 16.2 | ||||
| Completed college or any graduate school | 4.0 | 5.5 | 5.6 | 1.2 | ||||
| Missing | 0 | 0 | 1.4 | 0 | ||||
| Employed (%) | 44.4 | 25.3 | 0.001 | 0.007 | 50.7 | 18.8 | <0.0001 | 0.44 |
| Alcohol use (%) | 0.10 | 0.52 | 0.03 | 0.85 | ||||
| Abstainer | 48.5 | 60.4 | 40.8 | 62.5 | ||||
| >0-7 drinks/wk | 41.4 | 35.2 | 49.3 | 27.5 | ||||
| >7-12 drinks/wk | 6.1 | 3.3 | 2.8 | 2.5 | ||||
| >12 drinks/wk | 4.0 | 1.1 | 7.0 | 7.5 | ||||
| Cigarette smoking history (%) | 0.005 | 0.04 | 0.28 | 0.80 | ||||
| Never smoker | 33.3 | 20.3 | 22.5 | 12.5 | ||||
| Current smoker | 39.4 | 34.1 | 42.3 | 46.2 | ||||
| Former smoker | 27.3 | 45.6 | 35.2 | 41.2 | ||||
| Recreational drug use (%) | 21.2 | 14.8 | 0.19 | 0.73 | 43.7 | 22.5 | 0.009 | 0.96 |
| Hormonal contraceptive use (%) | 10.1 | 0.5 | 0.0002 | 0.43 | 1.4 | 0 | 0.47 | 0.91 |
| Detectable HIV viral loadc (% among HIV+) | 28.3 | 21.4 | 0.24 | 0.75 | NA | NA | ||
| HIV therapy (% among HIV+) | 90.9 | 96.2 | 0.10 | 0.43 | NA | NA | ||
| HCV antibody detectable (%) | 8.1 | 34.1 | <0.0001 | 0.61 | 5.6 | 33.8 | 0.00001 | 0.10 |
| BMI, kg/m2 (mean ± SD) | 33.8 ± 8.5 | 29.9 ± 7.4 | <0.0001 | 0.001 | 30.8 ± 7.2 | 31.5 ± 8.1 | 0.54 | 0.43 |
| Diabetes (%) | 22.2 | 34.6 | 0.041 | 0.20 | 11.3 | 35.0 | 0.001 | 0.66 |
| Hypertension (%) | 38.4 | 61.5 | 0.0003 | 0.74 | 33.8 | 73.8 | <0.0001 | 0.05 |
a
P-values from Wilcoxon rank-sum test for continuous variables and Fisher’s exact test for categorical variables.
b
P-values are from likelihood ratio tests comparing a logistic model with age and the variable of interest to a model with age alone.
c
Lower limit of detection = 20 copies/mL