Table 5.
Outcomes (2) (Standard deviation in brackets)
| Study | Measure | CBT Pre-intervention mean (SD) | CBT Post-intervention mean (SD) | Statistically significant? | Control Pre-intervention mean (SD) | Control Post-intervention mean (SD) | Statistically significant? | Clinically Significant? | Follow up |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Pfeiffer et al. (2017) | CATS | 27.6(7.88) | 20.7(6.30) |
Yes Large effect (d = 0.97, p < 0.001) |
Average remained clinical PTSD, 10 children became subclinical | None | |||
| Pfeiffer et al. (2018) |
-CATS PHQ-8 |
− 29.97 (1.22) − 11.52(0.71) |
− 23.53(1.77) − 8.25 (0.75) |
Yes (d = 0.61, p < 0.003), medium effect size Yes (d = 0.67, p < 0.02), medium effect size |
-31.85(1.23) − 11.47(0.71) |
-30.27(1.73) 11.76(0.76) |
No no |
No | No |
| Sarkadi et al. (2017) |
-CRIES-8 -MADRS-S |
− 29.02(6.33) − 29.26(10.34) |
− 25.93(5.96) − 23.39(10.44) |
Yes (p < 0.017) Yes (p < 0.001) |
No | no | |||
| Schottelkorb et al. (2012) | UCLA-PTSD | 27.75(6.18) | 20.5(13) |
Yes (p = 0.01) Large effect (n2 = 0.43, p < 0.001) |
27.14(12.16) | 17.57(14.09) | Yes (p = 0.01) | PTSD reduced to subclinical | None |
| Tsoupas (2011) |
CDI-S RCMAS |
0.82(1.08) 9.18(5.42) |
0.73(0.90) 5.73(3.44) |
No (p = 0.85) No (p = 0.09) |
0.80(0.79) 5.40(2.55) |
0.90(1.60) 3.50(3.44) |
No (p > 0.05) No (p > 0.05) |
Remained with sub-clinical anxiety and depression scores | None |
| Unterhitzenberger et al. (2015) | CAPS-CA |
52 SD not reported |
14.5 SD not reported |
Yes (p < 0.001) | PTSD reduced to subclinical | None | |||
| Unterhitzenberger & Rosner (2016) |
CAPS-CA UCLA-PTSD CDI SCARED |
50 37 21 14 |
5 6 16 17 |
Only 1 individual | PTSD, depression and anxiety reduced to subclinical | Improvement maintained at 6 months | |||
| Unterhitzenberger et al. (2019) |
-CATS -MFQ |
− 30.58 (7.16) − 13.32 (4.26) |
− 20.16 (11.63) − 5.63 (4.52) |
Yes (p > 0.03) large effect size (d = 1.75) Yes (p < 0.001) large effect size (d = 1.75) |
Yes | Yes- immediate, 6 weeks and 6 months | |||
| Vickers (2005) | PDS | 42 | 9 | Only 1 individual | PTSD scores reduced to subclinical | None |