Table 2.

Overview of size, gender ratio, cognitive and educational assessment performance and incidence of mental health problems in the clustering-defined groups in the childhood data

		Size		Gender	Cognition		Maths		Reading		Mental health
		n	%	% Female	Mean	SD	Mean	SD	Mean	SD	# Cases	%
C1a	No problems	6006	49.51	48.15	0.07	1.023***	0.2	0.956***	0.2	0.941***	44	0.73
C1b	Anxiety	1228	10.12	49.02	− 0.05	0.953	− 0.22	0.952***	− 0.17	1.006***	97	7.90
C2a	Anxiety, hyperactivity	733	6.11	60.03***	− 0.08	0.928	− 0.37	1.021***	− 0.39	1.038***	36	4.91
C2b	Motor, hyperactity, emotion	1231	6.04	51.75	− 0.02	1.015	− 0.03	0.979	− 0.03	1.007	40	3.25
C3	Inattention	741	10.15	39.27***	− 0.24	0.975***	− 0.43	1.009***	− 0.46	0.967***	44	5.94
C4a	Emotion	1236	7.91	52.59	0.01	0.968	− 0.02	1.018	− 0.03	1.009	55	4.45
C4b	Conduct	959	10.19	44.42**	− 0.12	0.953***	− 0.33	0.97***	− 0.33	0.986***	24	2.50

The percentage of cases with emotional or behavioural problems (mental health) relative to the group size is shown in the last column. Statistical comparison to the whole sample (Bonferroni-corrected): ***p < 0.001, **p < 0.01, *p < 0.05