Table 1.
Marine-derived anticancer cyclopeptides.
| Name | Biological Source | Anticancer Activity | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|
| Anticancer Cyclopeptides Derived from Sponge | |||
| Azumamide A (1) | Mycale izuensis | HDAC inhibitory activity against K562 cells (IC50 = 0.045 μM); Cytostatic effects on WiDr (IC50 = 5.8 μM) and K562 (IC50 = 4.5 μM) cells | [35,36,37,38,39] |
| Azumamide E (2) | Mycale izuensis | HDAC inhibitory activity against K562 cells (IC50 = 0.045 μM) | [35,36,37,38,39] |
| Microsclerodermin A (3) | Microscleroderma herdmani | Induction of apoptosis in AsPC-1 (IC50 = 2.3 µM), BxPC-3 (IC50 = 0.8 µM) and PANC-1 (IC50 = 4.0 µM) cells. | [40,41,42] |
| Leucamide A (4) | Leucetta microraphis | Inhibitory activities to HM02 (GI50 = 8.5 µM), HepG2 (GI50 = 9.7 µM) and Huh7 (GI50 = 8.3 µM) cells. | [43,44] |
| Carteritin A (5) | Sponge, Stylissa carteri | Cytotoxicity against HCT116 (IC50 = 1.3 µM), RAW264 (IC50 = 1.5 µM) and HeLa (IC50 = 0.7 µM) cells | [45] |
| Stylissatin B (6) | Stylissa massa | Inhibitory effects on HCT116, HepG2, BGC823, NCI-H1650, A2780 and MCF7 cells. (IC50 = 2.3 to 10.6 µM) | [46] |
| Cupolamide A (7) | Theonella cupola | Cytotoxicity against P388 (IC50 = 7.5 µM) cell. | [47] |
| Geodiamolide H (8) | Geodia corticostylifera | Anti-proliferative activitiy against T47D (EC50 = 38.36 nM) and MCF7 (EC50 = 89.96 nM) cells | [48,49,50] |
| Theopapuamide (9) | Theonella swinhoei | Cytotoxicity against CEM-TART (EC50 = 0.5 µM) and HCT116 (EC50 = 0.9 µM) cells. | [51] |
| Homophymines A-E (10–14) & A1-E1 (15–19) | Homophymia sp. | Anti-proliferative against several cancer cell lines (IC50 = 2 to 100 nM), among which PC3 and OV3 are the most sensitive. | [52,53] |
| Pipestelide A (20) | Pipestela candelabra | Cytotoxicity against KB (IC50 = 0.1 µM) cell. | [54] |
| Neamphamides B-D (21–23) | Neamphius huxleyi | Cytotoxicity against A549, LNCaP and PC3 cells. (IC50 = 91 to 230 nM) | [55,56] |
| Callipeltins N (24) and O (25) | Asteropus sp. | Cytotoxicity against A2058, HT29, MCF7 and MRC-5 cells. (IC50 = 0.16 to 0.21 µM and 0.48 to 2.08 µM, respectively) | [57] |
| Pipecolidepsins A (26) and B (27) | Homophymia lamellosa | Cytotoxicity against A549 (GI50 = 0.6 and 0.04 µM, respectively), HT29 (GI50 = 1.12 and 0.01 µM, respectively) and MDA-MB-231 (GI50 = 0.7 and 0.02 µM, respectively) cells. | [58,59,60,61] |
| Halipeptin D (28) | Leiosella cf. arenifibrosa | Cytotoxicity against HCT116 cell line (IC50 = 7 nM) and BMS ODCP with an average IC50 value of 420 nM. | [62,63] |
| Reniochalistatin E (29) | Reniochalina stalagmitis | Cytotoxicity against RPMI-8226 (IC50 = 4.9 μM) and MGC-803 (IC50 = 9.7 μM) cells. | [64,65] |
| Callyaerin G (30) | Callyspngia aerizusa | Cytotoxicity against L5178Y (ED50 = 4.1 mM) and HeLa (ED50 = 41.8 mM) cells. | [66] |
| Callyaerins E (31) and H (32) | Callyspngia aerizusa | Cytotoxicity against L5178Y (ED50 = 0.39 and 0.48 μM, respectively). | [67] |
| Scleritodermin A (33) | Scleritoderma nodosum | Cytotoxicity against HCT116 (IC50 = 1.9 μM), HCT116/VM46 (IC50 = 5.6 μM), A2780 (IC50 = 0.94 μM) and SKBR3 (IC50 = 0.67 μM) cells. | [68,69,70] |
| Calyxamides A (34) and B (35) | Discodermia calyx | Cytotoxicity against P388 (IC50 = 3.9 and 0.9 μM, respectively) cell. | [71] |
| Keramamide E (36) | Theonella sp. | Cytotoxicity against L1210 (IC50 = 1.42 µM) and KB (IC50 = 1.38 µM) cells. | [72] |
| Keramamides K (37) and L (38) | Theonella sp. | Cytotoxicity against L1210 (IC50 = 0.77 and 0.5 µM, respectively) and KB (IC50 = 0.45 and 0.97 µM, respectively) cells. | [73] |
| Keramamides M (39) and N (40) | Theonella sp. | Cytotoxicity against L1210 (IC50 = 2.02 and 2.33 µM, respectively) and KB (IC50 = 5.05 and 6.23 µM, respectively) cells. | [74,75] |
| Axinellins A (41) and B (42) | Axinella carteri | Cytotoxicity against NSLC-N6 (IC50 = 16.7 and 29.8 µM, respectively) cell. | [76,77] |
| Stylopeptide 2 (43) | Stylotella sp. | Inhibition of 23% BT-549 cell growth and 44% Hs578T cell growth at one dose (10−5 M). | [78] |
| Stylissamide X (44) | Stylissa sp. | Anti-migration effects on HeLa cell. | [79,80] |
| Aciculitins A-C (45–47) | Aciculites orientalis | Cytotoxicity against HCT116 (IC50 = 0.37 µM) cell. | [81] |
| Nazumazoles A-C (48–50) | Theonella swinhoei | Cytotoxicity against P388 (IC50 = 0.83 µM) cell. | [82] |
| Theonellamide G (51) | Theonella swinhoei | Cytotoxicity against HCT116 (IC50 = 6.0 µM) cell. | [83] |
| Koshikamide B (52) | Theonella sp. | Cytotoxicity against HCT116 (IC50 = 3.62 µM) and P388 (IC50 = 0.22 µM) cells. | [84] |
| Anticancer Cyclopeptides Derived from Ascidians/Tunicates | |||
| Mollamide (53) | Ascidian, Didemnum molle | Cytotoxicity against P388 (IC50 = 1.24 µM), A549 (IC50 = 3.1 µM), HT29 (IC50 = 3.1 µM) and CV1 (IC50 = 3.1 µM) cells. | [87,88] |
| Mollamide B (54) | Tunicate, Didemnum molle | Growth inhibition of H460, MCF7 and SF-268 cells. | [89] |
| Trunkamide A (55) | Ascidian, Lissoclinum sp. | Cytotoxicity against A549, P388, HT29 and MEL28 cells. (IC50 = 0.6 to 1.19 µM) | [90,91] |
| Prepatellamide A (56) | Ascidian, Lissoclinum patella | Cytotoxicity against P388 cells. (IC50~6.57 µM) | [92] |
| Vitilevuamide (57) | Ascidian, Didemnum cuculiferum | Cytotoxicity against HCT116 (IC50 = 6.24 nM), A549 (IC50 = 0.12 µM), SKMEL-5 (IC50 = 0.31 µM) and A498 (IC50 = 3.12 µM) cells. | [93,94] |
| Tamandarin A (58) | Ascidian, Didemnidae sp. | Cytotoxicity against BX-PC3 (IC50 = 1.69 nM), DU145 (IC50 = 1.29 nM), UM-SCC-10B (IC50 = 0.94 nM) cells. | [95,96,97] |
| Comoramides A-B (59–60) & Mayotamides A-B (61–62) | Ascidian, Didemnum molle | Cytotoxicity against A549, HT29 and MEL28 cells. (IC50 = 7.22 to 14.97 µM) | [98] |
| Patellin 6 (63) | Ascidian, Lissoclinum patella | Cytotoxicity against P388, A549, HT29 and CV1 cells. (IC50~2.08 µM) | [99] |
| Cycloforskamide (64) | Sea slug, Pleurobranchus forskalii | Cytotoxicity against P388 cell (IC50 = 5.8 µM). | [100] |
| Anticancer Cyclopeptides Derived from Mollusks | |||
| Keenamide A (65) | Mollusk, Pleurobranchus forskali | Anti-proliferative activity against A549, P388, MEL20 and HT29 cells. (IC50 = 4.03 to 8.05 µM) | [103] |
| Aurilide (66) | Sea hare, Dolabella auricularia | Cytotoxicity against HeLa S3 (IC50 = 0.013 µM) cell. Inhibitory activity against ovarian, renal and prostate cancer cells in NCI 60 cell lines. | [104,105] |
| Dolastatin 16 (67) | Sea hare, Dolabella auricularia | Cytotoxicity against H460 (GI50 = 1.09 nM), KM20L2 (GI50 = 1.37 nM), SF-295 (GI50 = 5.92 nM) and SKMEL-5 (GI50 = 3.75 nM) cells. Anti-proliferative effects against 5 human leukemia cell lines | [106] |
| Doliculide (68) | Sea hare, Dolabella auricularia | Cytotoxicity against HeLa S3 (IC50 = 1.62 nM) cell. | [107,108,109,110] |
| Kulokekahilide-1 (69) | Mollusk, Philinopsis speciosa | Cytotoxicity against P388 (IC50 = 2.2 µM) cell. | [111] |
| Kulokekahilide-2 (70) | Mollusk, Philinopsis speciosa | Cytotoxicity against P388 (IC50 = 4.2 nM), SK-OV-3 (IC50 = 7.5 nM), MDA-MB-435 (IC50 = 14.6 nM) and A-10 (IC50 = 59.1 nM) cells. | [112,113,114] |
| Kahalalide R1 (71) | Sea slug, Elysia grandifolia | Cytotoxicity against MCF7 (IC50 = 0.14 µM), L1578Y (IC50 = 4.26 nM) cells. | [117] |
| Anticancer Cyclopeptides Derived from Marine Algae | |||
| Galaxamide (72) | Algae, Galaxaura filamentosa | Inhibitory activity against GRC-1 (IC50 = 7.18 μM) and HepG2 (IC50 = 7.81 μM) cells. | [119,120] |