Figure 5.

NMR and mass spectrometry together provide evidence for active glycolysis, Leloir pathway and PPP in Glc and Gal treated GBM and control cells (A) Schematic diagram showing the metabolism of [1,2-¹³C]Glc and [1,2-¹³C]Gal in GBM cells via glycolysis and PPP pathways. (B) ¹³C NMR spectra of GBM115 cells treated with [1,2-¹³C]Gal (upper) or [1,2-¹³C]Glc (lower), showing the Leloir pathway intermediates. (C) ¹³C NMR spectra showing the multiplet signals of Lac3. (D) Levels of carbon enrichments of lactate and citrate isotopomers obtained by GC-MS in NHAs and HCNs treated with [1,2-¹³C]Glc and [1,2-¹³C]Gal.