Table 5.
Hypoxic conditions for expansion of hMSC; selected studies from 2007–2020. Information is given on the cell source, exposure to hypoxic conditions and on stem cell characteristics.
| Cells | O2 (%) | Exposure Time | Outperformed 21% O2? | Diff Capacity | Cell Surface Markers | Other Cultivation Parameters Analyzed | Ref. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| BM-MSC | 2 | 6 weeks | yes | unaltered | n.t. | [169] | |
| BM-MSC | 1–3 | 16 h | no | n.t. | n.t. | HGF stimulation | [184] |
| BM-MSC | 5 | up to p4 | yes | unaltered | unaltered | hPL | [113] |
| BM-MSC | 2 | 14 d | yes | n.t. | unaltered | [113] | |
| UC-MSC | 1.5–5 | 3 d | yes | n.t. | n.t. | [171] | |
| BM-MSC | 1–5 | 14 d | no | decreased | unaltered | [182] | |
| BM-MSC | 1 | 84 days | yes | improved | unaltered | [172] | |
| BM-MSC | 5 | up to p3 | yes | improved | unaltered | [173] | |
| AD-MSC | 2 | 7 d | yes | improved | unaltered | [174] | |
| BM-MSC | 1 | up to 90 d | yes | improved | upregulated | [175] | |
| BM-MSC, AD-MSC, AF-MSC, UCB-MSC | 1 | 7 d | depending on cell source (prenatal yes, postnatal no) | n.t. | n.t. | prenatal + postnatal material | [185] |
| AD-MSC | 2 | up to 21 d | yes | unaltered | unaltered | [176] | |
| UCB-MSC | 5 | 5 d | yes | n.t. | unaltered | [179] | |
| AD-MSC | 5 | up to 14 d | yes | n.t. | slightly altered | lean + obese donors | [178] |
| BM-MSC | 5 | up to p15 | yes | unaltered | n.t. | donor age | [177] |
| BM-MSC | 1–4 | up to p2 | no | unaltered | unaltered | [183] | |
| UCB-MSC | 3 | 5 d | yes | unaltered | unaltered | Ca2+ | [61] |
| AD-MSC | 5 | up to p28 | yes (until passage 23) | n.t. | n.t. | [180] | |
| AD-MSC | 1 | 48 h | yes | decreased (osteogenic) increased (chondrogenic) | unaltered | [181] |
(Abbreviations: AD—adipose tissue derived, AF—amniotic fluid BM—bone marrow derived, diff—differentiation, HGF—human growth factors, hPL—human platelet lysate, MSC -mesenchymal stem cell, n.t.—not tested, p—passage, UC—umbilical cord derived, UCB—umbilical cord blood derived).