. 2021 Apr 9;10(4):582. doi: 10.3390/antiox10040582

Table 2.

Qualitative and quantitative (µg/g of extract, mean) analysis by high performance liquid chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry (HPLC-HRMS) of phenolic profile from Lavandula pedunculata subsp. lusitanica extracts obtained by ultrasound-assisted extraction for 60 min.

Compound	Conventional Solvents			NADES
	MeOH	EtOH 80	Water	Gly:CA	Gly:U	Glu:CA	Glu:U	Glu:LA	CC:U	CC:X	CC:MA	CC:LA	Pro:LA
O-Caffeoylquinic acid	<LOQ	68.41	<LOQ	n.d.	n.d.	n.d.	n.d.	n.d.	n.d.	n.d.	n.d.	n.d.	n.d.
Gallic acid	<LOD	n.d.	<LOD	n.d.	n.d.	n.d.	<LOD	n.d.	n.d.	n.d.	n.d.	n.d.	n.d.
Vanillic acid	<LOQ	<LOQ	<LOQ	<LOQ	68.03 ^b	<LOQ	78.69 ^b	86.98 ^b	91.35 ^b	<LOQ	<LOQ	97.55 ^b	179.1 ^a
Caffeic acid hexoside	79.90 ^bc	67.76 ^bcd	62.22 ^cd	53.25 ^d	<LOQ	<LOQ	106.1 ^a	77.97 ^bc	86.24 ^b	64.47 ^cd	68.43 ^bcd	81.32 ^bc	72.92 ^bcd
Caffeic acid hexoside	112.8 ^a	93.26 ^abc	72.44 ^cd	60.23 ^d	<LOQ	<LOQ	100.1 ^ab	89.62 ^bc	100.5 ^ab	72.22 ^cd	79.22 ^bcd	81.64 ^bcd	86.19 ^bc
Chlorogenic acid (5-O-caffeoylquinic acid)	<LOD	<LOD	<LOD	<LOD	<LOD	n.d.	<LOD	n.d.	<LOD	n.d.	<LOD	n.d.	n.d.
Fertaric acid	53.15 ^g	163.1 ^f	278.8 ^bc	174.6 ^ef	283.5 ^b	91.70 ^g	229.4 ^bcde	277.8 ^bc	341.7 ^a	208.8 ^ef	213.5 ^def	270.2 ^bcd	223.7 ^cde
Caffeic acid	81.50 ^cd	75.14 ^d	427.4 ^a	103.4 ^cd	<LOD	<LOQ	90.72 ^cd	160.0 ^c	248.3 ^b	76.68 ^cd	<LOQ	157.3 ^cd	137.6 ^cd
Feruloyl hexose	259.8 ^a	233.5 ^b	201.2 ^c	97.46 ^g	195.8 ^cd	56.95 ^h	140.5 ^f	197.7 ^c	212.0 ^bc	163.6 ^ef	170.4 ^de	208.7 ^bc	184.9 ^cde
Ferulic acid	1846 ^e	3079 ^c	3657 ^ab	1427 ^f	3020 ^c	546.9 ^g	2868 ^cd	3105 ^c	3774 ^a	2557 ^d	2979 ^c	3417 ^b	2585 ^d
Rosmarinic acid	7224 ^a	6882 ^a	2416 ^cde	2973 ^bcde	59.66 ^e	1620 ^de	1556 ^de	4252 ^abcd	5239 ^abc	5828 ^ab	4181 ^abcd	4375 ^abcd	6089 ^ab
Salvianolic acid A isomer I	57.46 ^c	121.2 ^ab	95.52 ^bc	58.66 ^c	46.13 ^c	<LOQ	81.72 ^bc	90.11 ^bc	158.8 ^a	104.7 ^abc	87.88 ^bc	101.5 ^abc	132.2 ^ab
Salvianolic acid I	<LOD	<LOQ	<LOQ	<LOD	<LOD	<LOD	<LOD	<LOQ	<LOD	<LOQ	<LOQ	<LOQ	<LOQ
Salvianolic acid B	930.9 ^bcd	2322 ^a	1414 ^abc	701.2 ^bcd	<LOD	342.3 ^cd	233.7 ^d	1710 ^ab	1220 ^abcd	1472 ^abc	1527 ^ab	2144 ^a	2277 ^a
Salvianolic acid A isomer III	<LOD	<LOD	<LOD	<LOD	<LOD	<LOD	<LOD	<LOD	<LOD	<LOD	<LOD	<LOD	<LOD
Total Phenolic Acids	10646 ^ab	13106 ^a	8624 ^bc	5649 ^cd	3673 ^d	2658 ^d	5485 ^cd	10048 ^ab	11473 ^ab	10549 ^ab	9307 ^abc	10934 ^ab	11967 ^ab
Luteolin-7-O-glucuronide	84.32 ^gh	216.6 ^bcd	97.82 ^fgh	66.94 ^h	145.7 ^ef	<LOD	121.3 ^efg	265.7 ^ab	209.2 ^cd	170.4 ^de	203.7 ^cd	291.9 ^a	231.4 ^bc
Luteolin-7-O-glucoside	58.11 ^cde	71.07 ^bc	<LOD	<LOQ	25.97 ^f	<LOD	<LOQ	64.38 ^cd	45.98 ^de	44.07 ^e	52.84 ^cde	91.15 ^a	83.54 ^ab
Apigenin-7-O-glucoside	98.05 ^a	73.68 ^a	<LOD	31.59 ^b	95.37 ^a	<LOQ	44.44 ^b	25.20 ^b	32.84 ^b	30.31 ^b	24.74 ^b	28.22 ^b	37.23 ^b
Apigenin-7-O-acetylglucoside	<LOD	30.67	<LOD	<LOQ	<LOD	<LOD	<LOQ	<LOQ	<LOQ	<LOQ	<LOQ	<LOQ	<LOQ
Luteolin	154.1 ^c	78.26 ^ef	632.8 ^a	90.82 ^de	<LOD	32.22 ^f	<LOD	94.14 ^de	114.4 ^cde	171.1 ^bc	58.78 ^ef	138.8 ^cd	215.3 ^b
Naringenin	<LOQ	<LOQ	<LOD	<LOD	<LOD	<LOD	<LOD	<LOD	<LOD	<LOD	<LOD	<LOD	<LOD
Apigenin	242.8 ^a	208.4 ^ab	267.3 ^a	126.1 ^bcd	<LOD	63.78 ^d	55.70 ^d	131.9 ^bcd	92.54 ^cd	129.0 ^bcd	111.6 ^bcd	140.3 ^bcd	175.1 ^abc
Total Flavonoids	637.4 ^bcd	678.6 ^bc	998.0 ^a	315.4 ^efg	267.0 ^fgh	96.00 ^h	221.4 ^gh	581.3 ^bcd	495.0 ^cde	544.9 ^bcd	451.6 ^def	690.4 ^bc	742.6 ^b
Herniarin	<LOQ	43.96 ± 6.05	n.d.	n.d.	n.d.	n.d.	n.d.	n.d.	n.d.	<LOQ	<LOQ	n.d.	<LOQ
Total Phenolic Compounds	11283 ^a	13828 ^a	9623 ^ab	5965 ^bc	3940 ^c	2754 ^c	5707 ^bc	10629 ^a	11968 ^a	11094 ^a	9759 ^ab	11625 ^a	12709 ^a

Notes: n.d.—not detected; LOD—limit of detection; LOQ—limit of quantification. The results were analyzed using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by Duncan’s new multiple range test. Different letters (a–h) in each row and for each phenolic compound mean significant differences (p < 0.05) among extracts.