Figure 4.
Impression of analytical methods and approaches to find and determine (pathogenic) micro-organisms in the food-chain. It should be noted that electrochemical immunosensors exploit many different detection principles, including amperometry, impedimetry, field-effect transistor (FET), potentiometry. This overview is far from complete. ATP, adenosine triphosphate; AgBP, antigen-binding proteins (not immunoglobulin related); CPA, cross-priming amplification; EIA, enzyme immunoassay; ELFA, enzyme-linked immunofluorescent assay; ELISA, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay; ESI, electro-spray ionization; Ig, immunoglobulin; IR, infra-red; GC, gas-chromatography; ICT, immunochromatographic test; (RT-)LAMP, (reverse transcription) loop-mediated isothermal amplification; LFIA, lateral flow immunoassays; MALDI-TOF, matrix-assisted laser-desorption ionization time-of-flight; MS, mass-spectrometry; MS n, multi-stage MS; NASBA, nucleic acid sequence-based amplification; NMR, nuclear magnetic resonance; qPCR, quantitative (real-time) polymerase chain reaction; RCA, rolling circle amplification; rec. binding fragments, parts of immunoglobulins obtained by recombinant DNA protein engineering; RPA, recombinase polymerase amplification; rt-PCR, reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction; SDA, strand displacement amplification; SERS, surface-enhanced Raman-spectroscopy.