Table 1.
Chemical composition of dragon fruits harvested in Israel (DI) and Thailand (DT) (mean value ± SD).
| Parameter | Dragon Fruits from Israel (DI) | Dragon Fruits from Thailand (DT) | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Methanol (DIM) | Water (DIW) | Methanol (DTM) | Water (DTW) | |
| Total Bioactive Compounds | ||||
| Total Polyphenols [mg GAE/g DW] |
7.78 ± 0.24 a1c1 | 9.11 ± 0.35 a1d1 | 2.51 ± 0.10 b1c1 | 4.52 ± 0.19 b1d1 |
| Flavanols [µg CE/g DW] |
60.40 ± 4.42 a1c3 | 111.75 ± 4.35 a1d1 | 46.94 ± 5.00 b1c3 | 81.23 ± 4.43 b1d1 |
| Flavonoids [mg CE/g DW] |
1.57 ± 0.10 | − | 0.71 ± 0.14 | − |
| Tannins [mg CE/g DW] |
3.07 ± 0.12 | 2.42 ± 0.26 | 2.29 ± 0.22 | 1.37 ± 0.25 |
| Total Betacyanins [mg/100 g DW] |
9.30 ± 1.53 a1b2 | 2.56 ± 0.25 a1c3 | 5.33 ± 0.12 b2 | 4.99 ± 0.21 c3 |
| Selected Flavonoids [mg/100 g DW] | ||||
| Myricetin | 8.71 ± 0.79 a1 | Nd | 17.95 ± 0.32 a1 | Nd |
| Rutin | 3.67 ± 0.28 a1 | Nd | 1.46 ± 0.13 a1 | Nd |
| Quercetin | Nd | Nd | 6.37 ± 0.14 | Nd |
| Selected Phenolic Acids [mg/100 g DW] | ||||
| Gallic acid | 34.26 ± 1.75 a1c1 | 1.92 ± 0.59 a1 | 23.86 ± 0.70 b1c1 | 1.32 ± 0.26 b1 |
| Caffeic acid | Nd | Nd | Nd | 1.25 ± 0.27 |
| Protocatechuic acid | Nd | Nd | Nd | 0.57 ± 0.16 |
Means and standard deviations for bioactive compounds (n = 3) studied in dragon fruits (results marked with the same letter in upper index within each row differ significantly; levels of significance 1: p < 0.001, 2: p < 0.01, 3: p < 0.05). Abbreviations: CE—catechin equivalent; GAE—gallic acid equivalent.