Algorithm 3: Gravity function

Function: (Tpopulation) = Gravity (Hpopulation, capacity)

Input: Hpopulation, capacity

Output: Tpopulation

1: Tpopulation ← Hpopulation

2: For each solution vector of Hpopulation do

3:   Update the position of the current solution vector by using (22)

4:   Return the out-of-bounds solution vector to the boundary

5: End for

6: (Tpopulation, $$\overrightarrow{X_{\ast }^t}$$ ) = ND-C_sort(Tpopulation, Hpopulation, capacity)