αLA	α-linolenic acid
ALA	α lipoic acid
AMH	anti-Müllerian hormone
AMPK	5’ AMP-activated protein kinase; 5’ adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase
ApoB	apolipoprotein B
ASP	acylation stimulating protein
BAX	B-cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2)-associated X protein
Bcl-xL	B-cell lymphoma-extra large
BMI	body mass index
CRP	C reactive protein
CVD	cardiovascular disease
DHEA	dehydroepiandrosterone
DHT	dihydrotestosterone
DM	diabetes mellitus
DPP4	dipeptidyl peptidase-4
Er	estrogen receptor
EV	estradiol valerate
FSH	follicle-stimulating hormone
GAS5	growth-arrest specific transcript 5
GH	growth hormone
GnRH	gonadotropin-releasing hormone
GPx	glutathione peroxidase
HbA1c	glycosylated haemoglobin
hCG	human chorionic gonadotropin
HDL-c	high-density lipoprotein cholesterol
HG	hyperglycemia
3β-HSD	3β-Hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase/Δ5–4 isomerase
IKK	IκB kinase
IL	interleukin
IR	insulin resistance
Ki-67	MKI67 (Marker Of Proliferation Ki-67)
LDHA	lactate dehydrogenase A
LDL-c	low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol
LH	luteinizing hormone
lncRNA-SRLR	(sorafenib resistance-associated lncRNA in renal cell carcinoma)
MCP-1	monocyte-chemoattractant-protein-1
MDA	malondialdehyde
MetS	metabolic syndrome
MMP	mitochondrial membrane potential
mtDNA	mitochondrial DNA
NAFLD	nonalcoholic fatty liver disease
NK	natural killer cells; or large granular lymphocytes (LGL)
NO	nitrogen oxide
OS	oxidative stress
OSI	oxidative stress index
OXPHOS	oxidative phosphorylation
PCOS	polycystic ovary syndrome
PEBP1	phosphatidylethanolamine-binding protein 1
PFK	phosphofructokinase
PI3K	phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase
PKM2	pyruvate kinase isozyme M2 isoform
PSME1	proteasome activator complex subunit 1
rRNA	ribosomal RNAs
SIRT1	silent information regulator 1; sirtuin 1
SOD	superoxide dismutase
SRA	steroid receptor RNA activator
STAT3	signal transducer and activator of transcription 3
T2DM	type 2 diabetes mellitus
TCA cycle	(tricarboxylic acid cycle); the Krebs cycle
TFAM	mitochondrial transcription factor A
Th	The T helper cells; CD4+ cells; CD4-positive cells
TNF-α	tumour necrosis factor-alpha
TOS	total oxidant status
TP	testosterone propionate
TPI1	triosephosphate isomerase
tRNA	transport RNAs
WBC	white blood cell