Table 1.
Study design, type of data source and treatment*
| Type of hypoglycemia | Not defined | Non-severe | Severe | Both | Nocturnal† | Total |
| (n=14) | (n=40) | (n=113) | (n=76) | (n=41) | (n=243) | |
| Study design | ||||||
| Cross-sectional | 0 (0) | 15 (37.5) | 18 (15.9) | 20 (26.3) | 8 (19.5) | 53 (21.8) |
| Prospective cohort | 5 (35.7) | 14 (35.0) | 38 (33.6) | 42 (55.3) | 31 (75.6) | 99 (40.7) |
| Retrospective case–control | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 1 (0.9) | 1 (1.3) | 0 (0) | 2 (0.8) |
| Retrospective cohort | 9 (64.3) | 11 (27.5) | 56 (49.6) | 13 (17.1) | 2 (4.9) | 89 (36.6) |
| Type of data source | ||||||
| Administrative data | 5 (35.7) | 3 (7.5) | 33 (29.2) | 4 (5.3) | 0 (0) | 45 (18.5) |
| EHR | 3 (21.4) | 3 (7.5) | 12 (10.6) | 9 (11.8) | 0 (0) | 27 (11.1) |
| Interview | 0 (0) | 1 (2.5) | 2 (1.8) | 3 (3.9) | 1 (2.4) | 6 (2.5) |
| Registry | 2 (14.3) | 5 (12.5) | 19 (16.8) | 2 (2.6) | 0 (0) | 28 (11.5) |
| Study cohort | 4 (28.6) | 15 (37.5) | 34 (30.1) | 42 (55.3) | 33 (80.5) | 95 (39.1) |
| Survey | 0 (0) | 13 (32.5) | 13 (11.5) | 16 (21.1) | 7 (17.1) | 42 (17.3) |
| Type of treatment | ||||||
| Not specified | 7 (50) | 10 (25.0) | 42 (37.2) | 17 (22.4) | 3 (17.6) | 76 (31.3) |
| Insulin | 4 (28.6) | 17 (42.5) | 41 (36.3) | 33 (43.4) | 36 (87.8) | 95 (39.1) |
| Sulfonylurea | 0 (0) | 1 (2.5) | 7 (6.2) | 9 (11.8) | 0 (0) | 17 (7) |
| Insulin+SU | 1 (7.1) | 2 (5.0) | 10 (8.8) | 3 (3.9) | 0 (0) | 16 (6.6) |
| Other (TZD, DPP-4, GLP1 and SGLT-2) | 1 (7.1) | 6 (15.0) | 8 (7.1) | 7 (9.2) | 0 (0) | 22 (9.1) |
| Insulin+other (TZD, DPP-4, GLP1 and SGLT-2) | 1 (7.1) | 2 (5.0) | 3 (2.7) | 3 (3.9) | 2 (4.9) | 9 (3.7) |
| SU+others (TZD, DPP-4, GLP1 and SGLT-2) | 0 (0) | 2 (5.0) | 2 (1.8) | 4 (5.3) | 0 (0) | 8 (3.3) |
*Data are presented as number (percentage) unless specified otherwise.
†Studies that reported nocturnal hypoglycemia were the same studies that evaluated severe and/or non-severe episodes and therefore were not included in the statistical analysis.
DPP-4, dipeptidyl peptidase 4 inhibitor; EHR, electronic health record; GLP1, glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonist; SGLT-2, sodium glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitor; SU, sulfonylurea; TZD, thiazolidinedione.