Table 6.
Antioxidant status parameters in the blood of women with PMS and controls.
| Authors | Biological Sample | Results Presentation Method (Unit) | No. of Cases |
No. of Controls |
Results PMS Cases |
Results Controls |
p-Value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nonenzymatic Antioxidant Parameters | |||||||
| Total Antioxidant Status Parameters | |||||||
| TAC (TAS/FRAP) | |||||||
| Duvan et al. [19] | Plasma | Mean ± SD * (mmol/L) |
20 | 21 | 0.55 ± 0.22 | 0.73 ± 0.09 | 0.01 |
| Fathizadeh et al. [20] | Serum | Mean ± SD (mmol/L) |
23 | 25 | 0.81 ± 0.041 | 1.075 ± 0.06 | <0.01 |
| Incebiyik et al. [22] | Serum | Mean ± SD (mmol Trolox equivalent/L) |
40 | 40 | 0.96 ± 0.19 | 0.96 ± 0.15 | 0.982 |
| Tuladhar and Rao [23] | Plasma | Median (IR) (µmol/L) |
74 | 80 | 955 (775–1110) |
1020 (860–1175) |
>0.05 |
| Specific Vitamins And Minerals | |||||||
| Vitamin A | |||||||
| Bahrami et al. [25] | Serum | Median (IR) (μmol/L) | 134 | 148 | 1.12 (0.26–9.30) |
7.2 (2.66–19.27) |
0.007 |
| Vitamin D | |||||||
| Azizieh et al. [24] | Serum | Median (nmol/L) | 94 | 23 | 17.0 | 14.0 | 0.30 |
| Fatemi et al. [28] | Serum | Mean ± SD (ng/mL) |
115 | 163 | 22.44 ± 13.91 | 26.58 ± 6.74 | 0.043 |
| Vitamin E | |||||||
| Bahrami et al. [25] | Serum | Median (IR) (μmol/L) | 134 | 148 | 3.75 (2.87–5.80) |
4.0 (2.69–5.80) |
>0.05 |
| Cooper | |||||||
| Bahrami et al. [26] | Serum | Mean ± SD (μmol/L) |
67 | 74 | 9.2 ± 7.6 | 18.4 ± 9.0 | NCD ** |
| Zinc | |||||||
| Bahrami et al. [26] | Serum | Mean ± SD (μmol/L) |
67 | 74 | 14.3 ± 3.1 | 14.3 ± 14.3 | NCD ** |
| Fatemi et al. [28] | Serum | Mean ± SD (μg/dl) | 115 | 163 | 83.49 ± 11.58 | 84.41 ± 11.80 | 0.521 |
| Fathizadeh et al. [20] | Serum | Mean ± SD (μg/dl) |
23 | 25 | 108.20 ± 3.73 | 153.8 ± 18.77 | 0.026 |
| Zinc to cooper ratio | |||||||
| Bahrami et al. [26] | Serum | Mean ± SD | 67 | 74 | 0.8 ± 0.4 | 1.0 ± 7.0 | NCD ** |
| Enzymes | |||||||
| SOD | |||||||
| Bahrami et al. [26] | Serum | Mean ± SD (U/mL) |
67 | 74 | 0.05 ± 0.02 | 0.05 ± 0.02 | NCD ** |
* All such terms presented as arithmetic mean; ** Not compared directly (NCD)—due to more groups in the study, the PMS and the control group were not compered directly. Abbreviations: IR—interquartile range, SOD—superoxide dismutase, TAC (TAS/FRAP)—total antioxidant capacity.