Figure - PMC

Skip to main content

An official website of the United States government

Here's how you know

Here's how you know

Official websites use .gov
A .gov website belongs to an official government organization in the United States.

Secure .gov websites use HTTPS
A lock ( ) or https:// means you've safely connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites.

View full-text article in PMC

. 2021 Apr 14;22(8):4051. doi: 10.3390/ijms22084051

Search in PMC
Search in PubMed
View in NLM Catalog
Add to search

© 2021 by the authors.

Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

PMC Copyright notice

Adsorption and release of various recombinant growth factors from vCM. The vCM was incubated for 10 min at room temperature in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) containing 100 ng/mL of TGF-β1, PDGF-BB, FGF-2, or GDF-5. (a) Colorimetric ELISAs were performed for: (1) quantitative evaluation of adsorption rate (expressed in percent) of each of the four growth factors; (2) quantitative evaluation of total protein release (expressed as percent of adsorbed protein) from vCM for a 12-day period for each of the growth factors; (3) determination of the peak of release, i.e., the time point at which the highest growth factor release from the vCM coated with the respective growth factor was observed; (4) quantitative evaluation of growth factor release in phase I expressed as percent of the total release for the entire 12-day period (taken as 100%); (5) quantitative evaluation of growth factor release in phase II expressed as in (4). The peak release marks the end of phase I whereas phase II spans the period immediately after the peak of the release until day 12. Means ± SD from three independent experiments and significant differences (p < 0.05) between the experimental groups are shown. Significance was indicated with the following symbols: # denotes significantly higher than TGF-β1, $ denotes significantly higher than PDGF-BB, Ϯ denotes significantly higher than FGF-2, and ǂ denotes significantly higher than GDF-5. (b) Release of TGF-β1 from vCM coated with EMD as well as release of TGF-β1, PDGF-BB, FGF-2, and GDF-5 from vCMs coated with each of the respective recombinant growth factors was quantified in conditioned PBS solution collected from the matrices at the indicated time intervals over a 12-day period. Means ± SD from three independent experiments and significant differences, *** p < 0.001, ** p < 0.01, * p < 0.05, between experimental groups are shown. (c) A three-dimensional graph for the data present in (b) is used for better visualization of the peaks and speed (slope of the line) of growth factor release discussed in the text.