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The signaling pathways of cell proliferation. Proliferation is an essential step in cancer development. The constitutive stimulation of signal transduction pathways can promote cancer development. Indeed, abnormal cell proliferation is a hallmark of most cancers and involves the modulation of multiple signaling pathways (see the main text for detail). The figure was produced using Servier Medical Art (http://smart.servier.com/) (assessed on 2 January 2020).
