Table 1.

Risk factors for diabetes proposed by different guidelines.

Committee of the Romanian Ministry of Health for Diabetes, Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases [15]	ADA [9]
High risk factors for GDM Severe obesity Previous GDM or previous macrosomic baby Persistent glycosuria PCOS Significant family history of type 2 diabetes Low risk factors for GDM Maternal age <25 Normal weight before pregnancy Member of an ethnic group with a low risk of gestational diabetes No family history of diabetes No personal history of glucose intolerance	BMI > 25 kg/m2 Previous history of GDM Family history of diabetes (1st degree relative) Previous macrosomic child >9 lb (4 kg) No physical activity Hypertension HDLc < 35 mg/dL (0.90 mmol/L) and/or triglyceride > 250 mg/dL (2.82 mmol/L) PCOS HbA1c ≥ 5.7% and previous IGT or IFG Signs of insulin resistance such as acanthosis nigricans History of cardiovascular disease Ethnic backgrounds: African American, Latino, Native American, Asian American, Pacific Islander
ADIPS [13]	NICE and SIGN [18,19]
Moderate risk factors for GDM BMI 25–35 kg/m2 Ethnic backgrounds: Asian, Indian, aboriginal, Torres Strait Islander, Pacific Islander, Maori, Middle Eastern and non-white African High risk factors for GDM BMI > 35 kg/m2 Age ≥ 40 years Previous history of GDM Family history of diabetes History of high blood glucose History of macrosomic child ≥ 4.5 kg PCOS Medication: Corticosteroids, antipsychotics	BMI > 30 kg/m2 Previous GDM Family history of diabetes (first-degree family member) Previous macrosomic baby ≥ 4.5 kg Ethnic backgrounds South Asian (India, Pakistan or Bangladesh), Black Caribbean, Middle Eastern (Saudi Arabia, United Arab Emirates, Iraq, Jordan, Syria, Oman, Qatar, Kuwait, Lebanon or Egypt)
	CNGOF and SFD [20,21]
	BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2, maternal age ≥ 35years Personal history of GDM Family history of diabetes Previous macrosomic baby
Canadian Diabetes Association [22]	FIGO [11]
Age > 35 years High-risk ethnic origin: South Asian, African, Arab, Hispanic Corticosteroid medication BMI > 30 kg/m2 GDM in previous pregnancy Previous macrosomic baby ≥ 4.0 kg First-degree family history of diabetes PCOS or acanthosis nigricans	Older age, higher parity, ethnicity Obesity or excessive weight gain during current pregnancy History of GDM or macrosomia Family history of diabetes Previous poor pregnancy outcome Multiple pregnancy

CNGOF and SFD, National College of French Obstetrician Gynecologists and French-Speaking Diabetes Society; ADA, American Diabetes Association; ADIPS, Australasian Diabetes in Pregnancy Society; NICE and SIGN, National Institute for Health and Care Excellence and Scottish Intercollegiate Guidelines Network; BMI, body mass index; HDLc, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; PCOS, polycystic ovary syndrome; HbA1c, glycated hemoglobin; IGT, impaired glucose tolerance; IFG, impaired fasting glucose, FIGO, International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics.