Table 2.
Maternal, fetal and placental data.
| One-Way ANOVA or Kruskal–Wallis Test | NW n = 16 |
OB GDM(−) n = 18 |
OB GDM(+) n = 13 |
|
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Maternal Data | ||||
| Age (years) A | p = 0.002 | 35.7 ± 3.5 | 30.2 ± 6.0 ** | 35.8 ± 4.3 §§ |
| Pregestational BMI (kg/m2) B | p = 0.000 | 21.18 ± 2.11 | 34.80 ± 4.06 *** | 35.05 ± 3.41 *** |
| OGTT I Value (mg/dL) A | ns | 84.00 ± 5.12 | 79.92 ± 6.52 | 89.73 ± 15.08 |
| OGTT II Value (mg/dL) A | p = 0.000 | 117.73 ± 19.14 | 113.10 ± 22.57 | 164.67 ± 35.99 *** §§§ |
| OGTT III Value (mg/dL) B | p = 0.001 | 105.36 ± 36.28 | 92.20 ± 14.19 | 162.89 ± 32.28 ** §§§ |
| Gestational Weight Gain (kg) A | ns | 10.93 ± 2.86 | 8.44 ± 6.06 | 6.62 ± 5.91 |
| Hemoglobin (mg/dL), at 34–36 weeks B | ns | 12.13 ± 1.16 | 11.35 ± 0.76 | 11.37 ± 0.97 |
| Fetal (F) and Placental (P) Data at Delivery | ||||
| Gestational Age (weeks) B | ns | 39.26 ± 0.50 | 39.16 ± 0.30 | 39.09 ± 0.16 |
| Fetal Weight (g) A | ns | 3337.94 ± 247.71 | 3339.44 ± 417.17 | 3330.00 ± 336.54 |
| Placental Weight (g) A | ns | 434.25 ± 80.43 | 482.22 ± 81.50 | 497.46 ± 102.55 |
| Placental Surface (cm2) A | ns | 245.59 ± 45.25 | 232.34 ± 85.03 | 245.44 ± 46.41 |
| Placental Thickness (cm) A | ns | 1.81 ± 0.42 | 2.21 ± 0.58 | 2.04 ± 0.55 |
| Placental Efficiency (F/P weight) B | ns | 7.97 ± 1.75 | 7.04 ± 1.04 | 6.98 ± 1.85 |
Data were analyzed according to their distribution with A. One-way ANOVA or B. Kruskal–Wallis test. Data are shown as mean ± standard deviation; ** p < 0.01, *** p ≤ 0.001 vs. Normal Weight (NW); §§ p < 0.01, §§§ p ≤ 0.001 vs. Obese without GDM (OB GDM(−)) refer to post hoc analyses, performed depending on data distribution by: A. Tukey’s HSD test or B. Mann–Whitney U test with Bonferroni correction. BMI: body mass index; OGTT: Oral Glucose Tolerance Test (OGTT I: fasting glycemic value; OGTT II: glycemic value after 60 min from 75 g glucose consumption; OGTT III: glycemic value after 120 min from 75 g glucose consumption).