Table 1.
Dietary NO3− sources classified from the highest to the lowest according to mean [and range] NO3− content.
| Vegetable | NO3− Content/mg·kg−1 | |
|---|---|---|
| High NO3− content (>1000 mg·kg−1) | Rocket or arugula (Eruca vesicaria subsp. sativa) | 2848 [2597–3100] |
| Green spinach (Spinacia oleracea) | 2500 [2013–2797] | |
| Coriander (Coriandrum sativum) | 2445 | |
| Basil (Ocimum basilicum) | 2292 [507–4695] | |
| Celery (Apium graveolens) | 2200 [900–3500] | |
| Parsley (Petroselinum crispum) | 2134 [1700–2101] | |
| Radish (Raphanus raphanistrum subsp. sativus) | 2064 [1878–2250] | |
| Butter leaf lettuce (Lactuca sativa variety capitata) | 2000 | |
| Bok choy (Brassica rapa subsp. chinensis) | 1933 | |
| Lettuce (Lactuca sativa) | 1893 [970–2782] | |
| Beet greens (Beta vulgaris subsp. vulgaris) | 1852 [1060–2600] | |
| Kohlrabi (Brassica oleracea) | 1769 | |
| Swiss chard (Beta vulgaris subsp. maritima) | 1512 [1024–2000] | |
| Leaf chicory (Cichorium intybus) | 1452 | |
| Beetroot (Beta vulgaris subsp. vulgaris) | 1300 [644–1950] | |
| Black radish (Raphanus raphanistrum subsp. sativus) | 1271 [667–1878] | |
| Mustard greens (Brassica juncea) | 1160 | |
| Medium NO3− content (100 to 1000 mg·kg−1) | Curly kale (Brassica oleracea Acephala Group) | 987 [792–1181] |
| Broccoli raab (Brassica rapa) | 905 | |
| Pumpkin (Cucurbita pepo) | 692 [445–939] | |
| Turnip (Brassica rapa subsp. rapa) | 684 [307–1062] | |
| Endive (Cichorium endivia) | 663 | |
| Cabbage (Brassica oleracea var. capitata) | 503 [85–920] | |
| Green beans (Phaseolus vulgaris) | 496 [449–585] | |
| Green onion (Allium fistulosum) | 485 [99–870] | |
| Courgette (Cucurbita pepo) | 416 | |
| Fennel (Foeniculum vulgare) | 363 | |
| Asparagus (Asparagus officinalis) | 355 [145–479] | |
| Cauliflower (Brassica oleracea var. botrytis) | 331 [104–559] | |
| Savoy cabbage (Brassica oleracea Savoy Cabbage Group) | 324 | |
| Aubergine (Solanum melongena) | 314 | |
| Broccoli (Brassica oleracea var. italica) | 300 [145–477] | |
| Carrot (Daucus carota subsp. sativus) | 300 [121–480] | |
| Cucumber (Cucumis sativus) | 240 [124–384] | |
| Potato (Solanum tuberosum) | 220 [81–713] | |
| Garlic (Allium sativum) | 183 [34–455] | |
| Artichokes (Cynara scolymus) | 174 | |
| Sweet pepper (Capsicum annuum) | 117 [93–140] | |
| Green pepper (Capsicum annuum) | 111 [76–159] | |
| Low NO3− content (<100 mg·kg−1) | Onion (Allium cepa) | 87 [23–235] |
| Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) | 69 [27–170] |