Table 1.
Minimal disseminated disease (MDD) and minimal residual disease (MRD) in childhood non-Hodgkin lymphoma: possible techniques and available clinical data on lymphoblastic lymphoma (LBL), mature B-cell lymphoma (Burkitt lymphoma/leukemia, diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL), primary mediastinal large B-cell lymphoma (PMLBCL)), and peripheral T-cell lymphoma (PTCL).
| Lymphoblastic Lymphoma | Burkitt Lymphoma | DLBCL, PMLBCL | PTCL | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Marker | IG/TCR Rearrangement | Aberrant Marker Expression |
IG Rearrangement | MYC–IGH Fusion Site (DNA) | IG Rearrangement | TCR Rearrangement |
| Techniques | Marker screening: PCR, NGS Quantification: RQ-PCR |
Flow cytometry | Marker screening: PCR, NGS Quantification: RQ-PCR |
Long-distance PCR | Marker screening: PCR, NGS Quantification: RQ-PCR |
Marker screening: PCR, NGS Quantification: RQ-PCR |
| Applicability | Most patients with initial tumor |
Most patients | Most patients with initial tumor | 65–70% | ? | ? |
| Sensitivity | 10−5 | 10−4 | 10−4 | 10−3–10−4 | 10−4–10−5 | 10−5 |
| Initial Tumor Material | needed | not necessarily | needed | needed | needed in most cases | needed |
| Clinical data on MDD | - | + | + | + | - | (+) |
| Clinical data on MRD | - | (+) | (+) | + | - | (+) |
-, no clinical data; + one study demonstrating a prognostic value; (+) prognostic value possible; data not clear; ? not known.