Figure 1.

Retrotransposition of protein coding genes. The parental gene is transcribed and transported to the cytoplasm where LINE1-derived proteins bind to it. This complex is transported back to the nucleus and anneals to the broken DNA ends. Next, the reverse transcription process takes place and cDNA is inserted in the genome along with short flanking repeats. Transcription of created retrocopy can results in coding or non-coding RNA. Transcripts of retroposition-derived genes may be involved in pathogenesis of many human diseases.