Table 1.
Boundary and loading conditions of the FE analysis.
| Parameter | GRF 1st | GRF valley | Initial push-off | GRF 2nd |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| % stance | 25% | 45% | 60% | 75% |
| Shank-ground anglea: | ||||
| X: Tilt laterally | X: 1.3° | X: 1.7° | X: 1.7° | X: 3.1° |
| Y: Incline anteriorly | Y: 6.5° | Y: 12.4° | Y: 19.1° | Y: 27.8° |
| Z: Rotate internally | Z: 0.8° | Z: 0.2° | Z: - 1.8° | Z: - 6.6° |
| Ground Reaction Force (% Body weightb) | ||||
| X: (+) Anterior | X: - 11% | X: 1% | X: 4% | X: 10% |
| Y: (+) Medial | Y: 4% | Y: 2% | Y: 3% | Y: 4% |
| Z: Vertical | Z: 126% | Z: 86% | Z: 89% | Z: 106% |
| Achilles tendon force | 0 | 700 N | 1100 N | 1300 N |
| Peroneus brevis | 0 | 61 N | 92 N | 92 N |
| Peroneus longus | 0 | 65 N | 196 N | 0 |
| Flexor digitorum longus | 0 | 55 N | 82 N | 96 N |
| Flexor hallucis longus | 0 | 22 N | 240 N | 284 N |
| Tibialis anterior | 67 N | 0 | 0 | 0 |
a
Shank-ground angle refers to the rotation of the ground plate with respect to the transverse plane of the shank segment.
b
The body weight of the model patient is 51 kg. FE, finite element; GRF, ground reaction force.