Table 5.

Multivariable logistic regression of the association between baseline patient factors and velopharyngeal insufficiency improvement controlling for age, sex, race (white vs. non-white), baseline VPI severity.

	Odds Ratio (95% Confidence Interval)	P value
History of cleft palate†	0.46 (0.24 – 0.91)	0.03
Any syndrome (vs. nonsyndromic)	0.92 (0.48 – 1.74)	0.8
22q11 deletion (vs. nonsyndromic)	1.55 (0.55 – 4.38)	0.4
Previous palatoplasty for VPI	0.73 (0.35 – 1.53)	0.4
Velopharyngeal gap size‡	0.74 (0.38 – 1.44)	0.4

VPI=velopharyngeal insufficiency

^†Any cleft, including submucous cleft

^‡Moderate/large vs. small