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. 2021 Apr 12;12:628622. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.628622

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Copyright © 2021 Seferbekova, Zabelkin, Yakovleva, Afasizhev, Dranenko, Alexeev, Gelfand and Bochkareva.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Two parallel Shigella-specific insertions. (A,B) Both inserted blocks contain long non-coding regions with more than 85% identity and the ipaH genes encoding E-3 ubiquitin-ligases with different substrate-specific domains. The identity was calculated for nucleotide alignments of the synteny blocks separately with step 25 nt. (C,D) The location of the inserted blocks in different genomic contexts confirms an independent acquisition of the block by different Shigella lineages; in Shigella dysenteriae, block #1360 has been inserted twice at different loci. We took into consideration up to five of the nearest blocks, both in the upstream and downstream direction, at the distance not exceeding 10 kb. Colours correspond to Shigella lineages. The gene composition of the neighbouring blocks for both insertions is shown in Supplementary Table 5.