Table 1.
Synthetic presentation of data on fecal marker performance in detecting mucosal healing
|
Ref.
|
Study type
|
Investigated marker
|
MH definition
|
CU/CD
|
Number of patients
|
AUC
|
95%CI
|
Sn (%)
|
Sp (%)
|
Cutoff level
|
| E Penna et al[22] | Prospective cohort | FC | SES-CD ≤ 2 | CD | 65 + 21 individuals in the control group | 0.77 | 0.65-0.88 | 96 | 78 | 155 mcg/g |
| Hiraoka et al[17] | Prospective cohort | FC | MES = 0 | UC | 84 | 0.67 | 0.56 - 0.78 | 77 | 67 | 180 mcg/g |
| Hiraoka et al[17] | Prospective cohort | FIT | MES = 0 | UC | 84 | 0.62 | 0.50- 0.74 | 95 | 62 | NA |
| Lee et al[23] | Prospective cohort | FC-ELISA; FC-QPOCT | MES = 0; SES-CD < 4 | UC + CD | 93 | 0.88 | NANA | 81.8(ELISA); 85.7 (QPOCT) | 100 ELISA; 100 QPOCT | 201 mcg/g ELISA; 150.5 mcg/g QPOCT |
| Urushikubo et al[24] | Cross-sectional, observational | FC | MES = 0; REI = 0; UCEIS = 0 | UC | 50 | 0.823; 0.780; 0.777 | 0.707-0.939; 0.658-0.903; 0.645-0.909 | 100; 100; 88 | 62; 70; 71 | 490 mcg/g; 288 mcg/g; 288 mcg/g |
| Ryu et al[18] | Retrospective cohort | FIT | MES = 0; UCEIS = 0-1 | UC | 128 | NA | NA | 98.0; 94.9 | 37.4; 38.3 | 100 ng/mL |
| Ryu et al[18] | Retrospective cohort | FC | MES = 0; UCEIS = 0-1 | UC | 128 | NA | NA | 78.4; 74.6 | 74.4; 76.5 | 170 mcg/g |
| Lin et al[25] | Multicentric prospective cohort | FC | UCEIS < 3; CDEIS < 6 | UC + CD | 88 | 0.87; 0.74 | NA | 88; 50 | 75; 100 | 191 mcg/g; 918 mcg/g |
| Vázquez Morón et al[26] | Prospective cohort | FC | SES-CD ≤ 2 | CD | 71 | NA | NA | 95.9 | 52.3 | 71 mcg/g |
| Ryu et al[27] | Retrospective cohort | FIT | MES = 0-1 | UC | 63 | 0.81 | 0.59-0.94 | 73.33 | 81.82 | < 7 ng/mL |
| Hassan et al[28] | Prospective cohort | FC | MES = 0-1 | UC | 44 | 0.949 | 0.838-0.992 | 89.7 | 93.3 | 58 mcg/g |
| Kostas et al[29] | Retrospective cohort | FC | MES = 0-1; absence of mucosal lesions for CD | UC + CD | 149 | 0.956 | NA | 91.9 | 87.2 | 174 mcg/g |
| Yen et al[21] | Retrospective cohort | FC | MES = 0-1 | UC | 50 | 0.812 | NA | 74.19 | 84.21 | 156 mcg/g |
| Yen et al[21] | Retrospective cohort | iFOBT | MES = 0-1 | UC | 50 | 0.906 | NA | 80.65 | 100 | ≤ 43 ng/mL |
| Kristensen et al[30] | Prospective cohort | FC | MES = 0-1 | UC | 20 | NA | NA | 82.4 | 100 | 250 mcg/g |
UC: Ulcerative colitis; CD: Crohn’s disease; FC: Fecal calprotectin; FIT: Fecal immunoassay test; MES: Mayo endoscopic subscore; UCEIS: Ulcerative colitis endoscopy index of severity; REI: Rachmilewitz endoscopic index; M2-PK: M2 pyruvate kinase, iFOBT: Immune fecal occult blood test; NA: Not available; QPOCT: Quantitative point-of-care test; AUC: Area under the curve; CI: Confidence interval; Sn: Sensitivity; Sp: Specificity.