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. 2021 Apr 19;10(4):626. doi: 10.3390/antiox10040626

Table 2.

Identification of peptides in different processed brown rice samples.

S.No Sample Name Retention Time Peak Area Adduct/Charge Precursor Mass Found at Mass Formula Finder Result Peptide Role Reference
1 Raw 0.9 3.92 × 102 [M+H]+ 229.155 229.1556 C11H20N2O3 Leucylproline (Leu-Pro) Reduction in Stress/Depression
And Antioxidant		 [63]
Germ 1.4 2.34 × 105 [M+H]+ 229.155 229.1553
Ferm 1.41 5.18 × 103 [M+H]+ 229.155 229.1552
G+F 1.4 1.02 × 105 [M+H]+ 229.155 229.1552
2 Raw 18.52 2.98 × 104 [M+Na]+ 525.287 525.2886 C14H26N4O6 Gln-Ser-Leu
Glutaminyl-seryl-leucine		 Antioxidant [64]
Germ 18.51 1.52 × 105 [M+Na]+ 525.287 525.2892
Ferm 18.51 2.31 × 105 [M+Na]+ 525.287 525.2891
G+F 18.51 1.60 × 105 [M+Na]+ 525.287 525.2890
3 Raw 24.01 1.15 × 104 [M+NH4]+ 445.288 445.2884 C18H33N7O5 Gly-Pro-Arg-Val Sleep inducing peptide [65]
Germ 24.01 9.03 × 103 [M+Na]+ 450.244 450.2448
Ferm 24.01 9.88 × 106 [M+Na]+ 450.244 450.2446
G+F 23.98 1.18 × 105 [M+Na]+ 450.244 450.2441
4 Raw ND ND ND ND ND C12H25N5O3 Arg-leu Antioxidant [66]
Germ ND ND ND ND ND
Ferm 1.29 1.89 × 103 [M+H]+ 288.203 288.2027
G+F ND ND ND ND ND
5 Raw ND ND [M−H]− ND ND C11H20N2O5 Glu-Leu Antioxidant [67]
Germ ND ND [M−H]− ND ND
Ferm 10.08 3.79 × 103 [M−H]− 259.131 259.1294
G+F 0 0 [M−H]− 0 0
6 Raw ND ND [M+CH3OH+H]+ ND ND C7H12N2O3 gly-pro Stress reduction [68]
Germ 1.26 9.30 × 104 [M+CH3OH+H]+ 205.118 205.1187
Ferm 1.18 1.51 × 103 [M+CH3OH+H]+ 205.118 205.1193
G+F 1.39 6.27 × 103 [M+CH3OH+H]+ 205.118 205.1193
7 Raw ND ND [M+H]+ ND ND C10H17N3O6S L.gamma.glu-L.cystein (Glutathione)Peptide Antioxidant [69]
Germ ND ND [M+H]+ ND ND
Ferm 1.82 1.08 × 104 [M+H]+ 437.163 437.1693
G+F ND ND [M+H]+ ND ND
8 Raw ND ND [M+H]+ ND ND C14H20N4O7S Gly-Gly-Gly Antioxidant [70]
Germ ND ND [M+H]+ ND ND
Ferm 40.08 1.08 × 104 [M+H]+ 389.113 389.1127
G+F ND ND [M+H]+ ND ND
9 Raw 16.03 1.23 × 104 [M−H]− 186.115 186.1144 C9H17NO3 Pivagabine (N-pivaloyl-γ-aminobutyric acid) Stress and Anxiety [71]
Germ 16.02 8.71 × 103 [M−H]− 186.115 186.1139
Ferm 16.04 6.83 × 105 [M−H]− 186.115 186.1138
G+F 16.04 3.15 × 105 [M−H]− 186.115 186.1138
10 Raw 47.27 6.72 × 105 [M−H]− 459.196 459.1957 C16H28N8O8 Gly-Arg-Gly-Asp-Gly Peripheral Nerve Regeneration and Antioxidant [72]
Germ 47.26 7.26 × 105 [M−H]− 459.196 459.196
Ferm 47.28 8.73 × 105 [M−H]− 459.196 459.1959
G+F 47.27 9.41 × 105 [M−H]− 459.196 459.1958

Germ- germinated brown rice, Ferm- fermented brown rice, G+F- germinated + fermented brown rice.