q	Heat Flux Density (W·m2)
ρ	air density (kg·m−e)
$\frac{\partial T}{\partial n}$	thermal gradient in direction n (K·m−1)
t	time (s)
A	heat transfer area (m2)
$\overrightarrow{u}$	velocity vector (m/s)
P	air pressure (Pa)
R	thermal resistance (K·W−1)
Tf	fluid temperature (K)
μ	air viscosity (kg·m−1·s−1)
Cp	Specific Heat Capacity (J·kg−1·K−1)
Ϗ	turbulence kinetic energy (J·kg)
∆T	difference between the minimum temperature of the HS and the fluid temperature at the inlet (K)
Qheat	total heat applied at the base of the HS (W)
h	convective heat transfer coefficient (W·m−2·K−1)
k	thermal conductivity (W·m−1·K−1)
Ts	HS surface temperature (K)
Ti	inlet air temperature (K)
σϏ	turbulent Prandtl number for Ϗ
σε	turbulent Prandtl numbers for ε
Acronyms
CFD	Computational Fluid Dynamics
DOE	Design of experiments
HS	Heat sink