Table 1.

Summary of the reviewed articles on NAFLD, including NASH, that investigated the PON1 activity.

Authors (Reference)	Age	Gender	Diagnosis	Activity in NAFLD (U/L)	Activity in Non-NAFLD (U/L)	Additional Notes
Paraoxonase
Baskol et al. [26]	40 years (mean)	Men/women: 9/14	NASH; biopsy (histology)	186.4 ± 138.8	248.4 ± 90.8	Serum PON1 does not always correspond to the grade of NASH.
Baskol et al. [27]	39 years (mean)	Men/women: 22/13	NASH; biopsy (histology)	191.6 ± 105.4	309.9 ± 145.5
Samy et al. [28]	47 years (mean)	Men/women: 22/28	NAFLD; ultrasonography	39.7 ± 12.4	28.3 ± 15.9	Statin treatment increases serum PON1.
Hashemi et al. [29]	40 years (mean)	Men/women: 50/33	NAFLD; ultrasonography	90.8 ± 63.7	79.4 ± 68.1
Torun et al. [30]	About 13 years	Men/women: 26/83	NAFLD; ultrasonography	28.8 ± 2.7	16.7 ± 2.6
Desai et al. [31]	12–18 years	Men/women: 4/2	NASH; biopsy (histology)	90.7 ± 46.7	122.6 ± 71.3	PON1 mRNA and protein levels in liver increase in NASH.
Fedelesova et al. [32]	Not detailed	Total 19 (gender: not detailed)	NAFLD; not detailed	160 ± 15	184 ± 14
Youness et al. [33]	46 years (mean)	Men/women: 12/10	NASH; biopsy (histology)	125.0 ± 10.9	230.0 ± 11.9
Cabré et al. [34]	46 years (mean)	Men/women: 25/69	NASH; biopsy (histology)	199.9 ± 119.4	301.9 ± 145.3
Fadaei et al. [35]	51 years (median)	Total 49 (gender: not detailed)	NAFLD; ultrasonography	90.8 ± 3.1	108.3 ± 4.7
Janac et al. [36]	48 years (mean)	Men/women: 16/33	NAFLD; the fatty liver index	271 ± 114.8	397 ± 250.0
van den Berg et al. [37]	54 years (mean)	Men/women: 1422/661	NAFLD; the fatty liver index	53.1 ± 8.15	53.3 ± 7.78
Arylesterase
Hashemi et al. [29]	40 years (mean)	Men/women: 50/33	NAFLD; ultrasonography	194.3 ± 131.7	179.6 ± 162.3
Desai et al. [31]	12–18 years	Men/women: 4/2	NASH; biopsy (histology)	140.1 ± 52.8	142.4 ± 50.4

NAFLD, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease; NASH, nonalcoholic steatohepatitis; and PON1, paraoxonase 1.