Table 7.

Results on Turns (mean values along with standard deviations) of temporal and spatial characteristics using the Smart-Insole dataset.

Type of Test	WST Slow			WST Normal			WST High			TUG
Group of Participants	S	EL	PD	S	EL	PD	S	EL	PD	S	EL	PD
Number of Recordings	26	18	7	26	18	7	26	17	7	26	18	11
Left Step Duration (s)	0.77 ± 0.23	0.80 ± 0.25	0.77 ± 0.28	0.59 ± 0.16	0.60 ± 0.09	0.62 ± 0.12	0.52 ± 0.16	0.56 ± 0.17	0.58 ± 0.13	0.61 ± 0.17	0.45 ± 0.25	0.65 ± 0.24
Right Step Duration (s)	0.79 ± 0.30	0.88 ± 0.38	0.70 ± 0.48	0.59 ± 0.21	0.63 ± 0.16	0.50 ± 0.18	0.58 ± 0.13	0.50 ± 0.17	0.49 ± 0.20	0.58 ± 0.11	0.63 ± 0.17	0.81 ± 0.79
Step Duration (s)	0.78 ± 0.19	0.85 ± 0.22	0.69 ± 0.22	0.60 ± 0.11	0.61 ± 0.01	0.63 ± 0.15	0.55 ± 0.11	0.52 ± 0.08	0.60 ± 0.16	0.59 ± 0.09	0.56 ± 0.08	0.72 ± 0.48
Stride Duration (s)	1.56 ± 0.41	1.69 ± 0.44	1.49 ± 0.52	1.19 ± 0.27	1.24 ± 0.19	1.13 ± 0.14	1.11 ± 0.22	1.06 ± 0.20	1.08 ± 0.21	1.19 ± 0.19	1.09 ± 0.19	1.46 ± 0.97
Steps Number	3.75 ± 0.79	4.10 ± 1.12	4.70 ± 0.48	3.68 ± 0.62	3.77 ± 0.80	4.42 ± 1.13	4.07 ± 0.79	4.35 ± 0.60	4.16 ± 0.75	3.80 ± 0.78	4.11 ± 0.83	4.25 ± 0.75
Single Support Time (s)	0.97 ± 0.22	1.17 ± 0.27	1.01 ± 0.17	0.88 ± 0.14	0.88 ± 0.20	0.92 ± 0.23	0.79 ± 0.14	0.86 ± 0.12	0.81 ± 0.19	0.89 ± 0.10	0.76 ± 0.17	0.98 ± 0.49
Double Support Time (s)	0.30 ± 0.24	0.46 ± 0.26	0.36 ± 0.28	0.33 ± 0.14	0.35 ± 0.13	0.32 ± 0.11	0.24 ± 0.14	0.23 ± 0.13	0.33 ± 0.18	0.26 ± 0.11	0.37 ± 0.15	0.34 ± 0.23
Stance Time (s)	0.73 ± 0.25	0.91 ± 0.31	0.73 ± 0.23	0.62 ± 0.12	0.69 ± 0.11	0.63 ± 0.10	0.55 ± 0.11	0.55 ± 0.09	0.63 ± 0.09	0.60 ± 0.10	0.64 ± 0.10	0.82 ± 0.61
Swing Time (s)	0.61 ± 0.11	0.57 ± 0.08	0.50 ± 0.04	0.45 ± 0.04	0.42 ± 0.03	0.45 ± 0.04	0.45 ± 0.04	0.45 ± 0.02	0.43 ± 0.04	0.44 ± 0.05	0.40 ± 0.05	0.43 ± 0.13
Single Support (%)	73.54 ± 14.96	74.66 ± 12.17	81.75 ± 13.24	79.89 ± 12.67	72.70 ± 12.13	76.16 ± 12.52	79.29 ± 12.23	80.46 ± 8.04	71.16 ± 13.90	80.35 ± 8.07	68.75 ± 13.52	74.40 ± 9.75
Double Support (%)	18.19 ± 13.64	26.40 ± 11.75	17.89 ± 15.19	25.65 ± 12.97	31.78 ± 10.60	23.73 ± 9.56	21.05 ± 12.32	21.61 ± 10.34	25.71 ± 18.01	21.11 ± 8.48	33.84 ± 12.29	28.88 ± 10.07
Stance Phase (%)	53.62 ± 7.72	60.47 ± 5.97	58.48 ± 5.64	57.43 ± 4.51	61.80 ± 3.57	58.41 ± 2.21	54.65 ± 4.89	54.52 ± 4.00	59.26 ± 3.74	57.49 ± 3.87	61.12 ± 4.56	62.86 ± 11.57
Swing Phase (%)	46.38 ± 7.72	39.53 ± 5.97	41.52 ± 5.64	42.57 ± 4.51	38.20 ± 3.57	41.59 ± 2.21	45.35 ± 4.89	45.48 ± 4.00	40.74 ± 3.74	42.51 ± 3.87	38.88 ± 4.56	37.14 ± 11.57
Gait Velocity (m/s)	0.93 ± 0.38	0.78 ± 0.27	0.67 ± 0.20	1.28 ± 0.40	1.16 ± 0.25	1.14 ± 0.33	1.19 ± 0.32	1.17 ± 0.50	1.21 ± 0.51	1.12 ± 0.29	1.24 ± 0.45	0.94 ± 0.43
Step Length (m)	0.57 ± 0.18	0.54 ± 0.17	0.41 ± 0.06	0.59 ± 0.14	0.58 ± 0.15	0.48 ± 0.15	0.52 ± 0.14	0.46 ± 0.10	0.50 ± 0.14	0.57 ± 0.16	0.52 ± 0.14	0.49 ± 0.14
Stride Length (m)	1.35 ± 0.35	1.26 ± 0.38	0.96 ± 0.37	1.44 ± 0.21	1.42 ± 0.24	1.29 ± 0.37	1.30 ± 0.34	1.19 ± 0.38	1.25 ± 0.39	1.33 ± 0.32	1.29 ± 0.35	1.19 ± 0.39
Step Frequency (steps/min)	62.28 ± 15.00	59.32 ± 18.72	72.95 ± 17.26	73.72 ± 15.67	73.99 ± 16.91	70.87 ± 17.20	86.30 ± 20.78	89.49 ± 13.29	73.22 ± 14.27	74.53 ± 12.37	79.61 ± 12.67	72.67 ± 17.52
Walk Ratio (mm/step/min)	10.18 ± 5.71	10.48 ± 5.62	6.00 ± 2.03	8.59 ± 3.44	8.60 ± 3.88	7.38 ± 3.67	6.74 ± 3.42	5.38 ± 1.83	7.33 ± 3.42	8.05 ± 3.28	6.93 ± 3.18	8.17 ± 7.00