Table 3.

Central nervous system pharmacokinetic characteristics of benzodiazepines [47,48,49,50,51].

CNS Characteristics	Lorazepam	Diazepam	Midazolam	Clobazam
Lipophilicity	Low	High	High	Low
CNS half-life	Long	Short	Short	Long
CNS penetration	Slow	Fast	Fast	Slow
CNS concentration	5–15% of serum	3–12% of serum	3–14% of serum	30–34% of serum
Onset of EEG slow-wave, minutes	3.8 ± 3.1	0.89 ± 3.1	0.29 ± 0.04	0.44 ± 0.16
Duration of EEG slow-wave, minutes	28.3 ± 10.1	7.5 ± 1.4	6.3 ± 1.9	62.7 ± 13.9

CNS, central nervous system; EEG, electroencephalogram.