Table 4.
Synergistic effect between BMI and smoking status on the risk of gout (N = 385).
| Characteristics | Healthy Control Group (n = 304) (%) |
Gout Group (n = 81) (%) |
OR (95% CI) | AOR (95% CI) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| BMI ≤24.9 kg/m2 and non-smoker | 106 (34.90%) | 6 (7.40%) | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| BMI ≤24.9 kg/m2 and smoker (active smoker and exposed to SHS) | 45 (14.80%) | 16 (19.80%) | 6.28 (2.31~17.09) ** | 3.18 (1.01~9.97) * |
| BMI >24.9 kg/m2 and non-smoker | 106 (34.90%) | 16 (19.80%) | 2.67 (1.01~7.08) * | 1.94 (0.66~5.64) |
| BMI >24.9 kg/m2 and smoker (active smoker and exposed to SHS) | 47 (15.40%) | 43 (53.10%) | 16.16 (6.43~40.58) ** | 9.65 (3.25~28.65) ** |
Note: BMI: Body Mass Index; OR: odds ratio; AOR: adjusted odds ratio; CI: confidence interval; SHS: second-hand smoke. OR was calculated with a binary logistic regression test. AOR was calculated with a multiple logistic regression test adjusted for alcohol consumption, gender, educational level, age, urate levels, systolic blood pressure, and body-mass index. * Indicates a significant difference in values between groups at p < 0.05; ** Indicates a significant difference in values between groups at p < 0.01.