Skip to main content
. 2021 Apr 19;14(4):378. doi: 10.3390/ph14040378

Figure 4.

Figure 4

Effect of ABK5-1 and ABK5-2 on phytohemagglutinin (PHA)/phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA)-induced cytokine production in T cells. Jurkat cells were pretreated with DMSO (<0.1%; indicated as 0 μM) or various concentrations of ABK5-1 (A–D) or ABK5-2 (E–H) and stimulated with PHA and PMA. IL-2 and TNF-α mRNA levels were determined by real-time PCR (RT-PCR) after ABK5-1 treatment and (A) 3 h and (B) 24 h of PHA/PMA (phytohemagglutinin/phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate) stimulation. Protein levels of (C) IL-2 and (D) TNF-α were also examined after 24 h of stimulation. IL-2 and TNF-α mRNA were also examined after ABK5-2 treatment and (E) 3 h and (F) 24 h of stimulation, and protein levels of (G) IL-2 and (H) TNF-α were measured after 24 h stimulation. Results are indicated as the mean ± S.D. of three independent assays performed in triplicate for each concentration. One-way ANOVA and Dunnett’s post-hoc test were used and * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, *** p < 0.005, **** p < 0.0001 (versus reference).