Table 3.

Extracellular vesicles in thrombotic microangiopathies.

Disease	Study	Cellular Origin of EV	EV Biomarkers	EV Pathological Significance	Reference
STEC-HUS	Ståhl, A.-L.; et al., Arvidsson, I.; et al.	platelets, monocytes, neutrophils	Tissue factor, phosphatidylserine (PS), C3, C9	Promotion of thrombosis EV reflect complement activation	[22,78]
STEC-HUS	Varrone, E.; et al., Ståhl, A.-L.; et al., Johansson, K.; et al.		EV carrying Shiga toxin	Delivery system of Shiga toxin to the kidney involvement in renal cell injury	[79,80,81]
TTP	Tahmasbi, L.; et al., Jimenez, J.J.; et al.	platelets, endothelial cells	CD62E (E-selectin), VWF, intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1), platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule (PECAM-1; CD31) and endoglin (CD105)	Pro-coagulant and pro-adhesive roles	[82,83]
TTP	Tati, R.; et al.	Endothelial cells	C3, C9	EV reflect complement activation	[84]