Table 2.

Key themes of shared barriers and facilitators for deprescribing BZRA and frequency of themes for each individual stakeholder.

Shared Barriers
	Patients	Physicians	Nurses
Themes	Frequency [Ref. No.]	Frequency [Ref. No.]	Frequency [Ref. No.]
Finding BZRA to be an effective treatment	4 [16,17,19]	2 [20]	2 [22]
Finding BZRA provide comfort for the patient	5 [8,15,16]	No data	1 [22]
Conceive that BZRA does not harm the patient	3 [17,18,19]	2 [20]	No data
Concern about withdrawal symptoms	4 [8,17,19]	2 [20]	No data
Ageism: Finding deprescribing BZRA as unnecessary due the age of the patient	3 * [8,16,17]	2 [20]	No data
Lack of knowledge	6 [8,16,19] Including side effects, alternative treatments, dependence	No data	9 [22] Including side effects, effects, sleep in general
Working environment and procedures	No data	10 [20,21] Incl. lack of time, deprescribing not being prioritized, concern about losing patients, lacking strategies to taper, and cooperation with specialists/psychiatrists	14 [22] Incl. lack of time, lacking assessment and observations of the need for continued BZRA treatment, staff shortage, high work pressure, task-oriented work, lack of involvement in medicine
Shared Facilitators
	Patients	Physicians	Nurses and Caregivers
Themes	Frequency [Ref. No.]	Frequency [Ref. No.]	Frequency [Ref. No.]
Education	1 [17] Education tool: deprescribing brochure on benzodiazepines	1 [21] Education about psychiatric disorder from psychiatrists	1 [22] Nurses Education about sleep hygiene
Improving cooperation between healthcare personnel	No data	2 [21] Cooperation and clear instructions from psychiatrists	2 [22] Nurses Address sleep problems by interdisciplinary team
Patient-motivation	3 [8,17] Motivation from the physician/pharmacist	1 [21] Physicians providing motivation to the patients	No data
Awareness of side effects	1 [8] Describe BZRA side effects relevant to the patient’ complaints	No data	1 [23] Caregivers Benzodiazepines are of low value due to of their side effects

* Mentioned a 4th time in Martin et al. [17], the patients mention that the physician will not deprescribe due to the patients’ old age.