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. 2021 Apr 16;11(4):713. doi: 10.3390/diagnostics11040713

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© 2021 by the authors.

Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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Diagnostic applications of p16 INK4a (BC42 clone) in different gynecological tumors. (A) Vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia (high-grade SIL/VIN 3) is characterized by full-thickness nuclear atypia and increased mitotic activity (arrows). (B) A continuous strong nuclear and cytoplasmic p16 staining across all epithelial layers is observed. (C) HPV-related invasive squamous cell carcinoma of the vulva showing diffuse and strong p16 (BC42) staining (D). (E) Cervical bioptic specimen showing high-grade dysplasia of the surface epithelium (arrow) confirmed by the strong nuclear and cytoplasmic staining for p16 (F). (G) HPV-related invasive squamous cell carcinoma of the uterine cervix showing diffuse and strong p16 (BC42) staining (H). (I) HPV-related invasive adenocarcinoma of the uterine cervix showing diffuse and strong p16 (BC42) staining (J). (K) Uterine spindle cell leiomyosarcoma is characterized by high-grade nuclear atypia and increased mitotic activity (arrows). (L) A strong nuclear and cytoplasmic p16 staining is observed.