Table 4.
Total phenolic content (TPC), soluble dietary fiber (SDF), insoluble dietary fiber (IDF), and total dietary fiber (TDF) in dry matter of flours obtained from the three different milling systems.
| Sample | IDF (% dm) | SDF (% dm) | TDF (% dm) | TPC (mg FAE/100g dm) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DFS-PSM | ||||
| WSF | 7.03 ± 0.09 b;A | 0.62 ± 0.29 ab;A | 7.65 ± 0.21 b;A | 152.2 ± 9.2 b;A |
| >400 µm | 9.74 ± 0.24 c | 0.27 ± 0.35 a | 10.01 ± 0.57 d | 317.4 ± 14.5 c |
| 400–180 µm | 7.65 ± 0.27 b | 0.88 ± 0.01 bc | 8.53 ± 0.34 c | 161.8 ± 8.9 b |
| <180 µm | 5.22 ± 0.75 a | 1.11 ± 0.19 c | 6.33 ± 0.59 a | 122.3 ± 6.8 a |
| PRM | ||||
| WSF | 7.92 ± 0.02 c;B | 0.89 ± 0.14 c;A | 8.82 ± 0.12 c;B | 237.2 ± 12.0 d;B |
| Bran fine | 50.23 ± 0.82 d | 1.87 ± 0.23 d | 52.1 ± 0.59 d | 1131.5 ± 36.9 f |
| B1 | 1.76 ± 0.09 a | 0.51 ± 0.16 ab | 2.27 ± 0.25 a | 76.5 ± 3.3 b |
| C1 | 2.39 ± 0.03 ab | 0.30 ± 0.09 a | 2.69 ± 0.12 a | 37.4 ± 4.7 a |
| C4 | 2.64 ± 0.33 b | 0.80 ± 0.20 bc | 3.43 ± 0.49 b | 54.7 ± 6.2 ab |
| C5/C6/B4/B5 | 3.10 ± 0.21 b | 0.92 ± 0.08 c | 4.02 ± 0.21 b | 123.2 ± 6.5 c |
| IRM | ||||
| WSF | 7.77 ± 0.75 AB | 0.98 ± 0.11 A | 8.76 ± 0.73 B | 155.7 ± 9.5 A |
Means (n = 3 ± standard deviation) with same superscript lowercase letters within a column and within the same milling system are not significantly different at p > 0.05 (Fisher’s Least Significant Difference test). Means (n = 3 ± standard deviation) with same superscript capital letters (comparison of the WSFs) are not significantly different at p > 0.05 (Fisher’s Least Significant Difference test). DFS-PSM: Dry flake squeezer—pilot scale stone mill, PRM: Pilot scale roller mill, IRM: industry scale roller mill.