Official websites use .gov
A
.gov website belongs to an official
government organization in the United States.
Secure .gov websites use HTTPS
A lock (
) or https:// means you've safely
connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive
information only on official, secure websites.
Schematic image of a proposed mechanism creating a convection motion of ferrofluid inside a thermocell. Colored arrows describe different forces experienced by the nanoparticles and the ferrofluid. Blue: thermo-electro diffusion (Soret effect of charged colloidal particles). Green: electrostatic attraction. Orange/Blue: gravitational force acting on a dense layer of ferrofluid.
