Table 5.

Therapeutic Potential of Epigenetic Modulators in Hemorrhagic Stroke

Model	Therapeutic Potential	Modification	Citation
Intracranial aneurysm humans	RIC, a method used to protect against post-SAH events, dysregulates cell cycle and inflammatory genes	DNA methylation	Nikkola et al., 2015
CD-1 mice, ICH	SAHA reverses H3 and H4 hypoacetylation to provide neuroprotection	Histone acetylation	Sukumari-Ramesh et al., 2016
SD rats, ICH	VPA prevents inflammation via activation of H3 genes	Histone acetylation	Sinn et al., 2007
Microglia, erythrocyte lysate ICH	miR-124 mimics reduce M1 markers and increase M2 markers	MiRNA	Yu et al., 2017
C57 mice, endovascular perforation	Melatonin is neuroprotective by way of H19-let-7a-NGF interaction	MiRNA, lncRNA	Yang et al., 2018
SD rats, ICH	Let-7c antagomir reduces reactive microglia and neutrophils as well as improves functional outcome	MiRNA	Kim et al., 2014
SD rats, ICH	miR-126 mimics reduces reactive microglia and neutrophils as well as apoptosis	MiRNA	Xi et al., 2017
C57 mice, ICH	Augmentation of miR-132 reduces permeability of the BBB	MiRNA	Zhang et al., 2017
BALB/c mice, ICH	Inhibition of miR-144 downregulates autophagy, reduces inflammation, and leads to improved functional recovery	MiRNA	Yu et al., 2017
SD rats, ICH	Restoration of miR-27a-3p is neuroprotective by way of aquaporin-11	MiRNA	Xi et al., 2018