Skip to main content
. 2021 Apr 20;22(8):4291. doi: 10.3390/ijms22084291

Figure 2.

Figure 2

Isoflurane conditioning attenuates SAH-induced vasospasm and improves neurological outcomes with and without EX-527: Wild-type mice were subjected to sham surgery or endovascular perforation SAH and treated with vehicle (DMSO+1.2% cyclodextrin+PBS1X) or EX-527 (10mg/kg) diluted with vehicle. Two out of four groups were exposed to 2% isoflurane for one hour (postC), one hour after SAH, and one isoflurane group out of two received a single dose of EX-527 immediately after SAH. Vasospasm (A) was assessed on Day 3. Neuroscore was assessed baseline and daily for 3 days (C). Data indicate mean ± SEM. (A) ** p < 0.01 sham vs. SAH, ** p < 0.01 SAH vs. SAH+Isoflurane, SAH+Isoflurane+EX-527, p > 0.05 SAH+Isoflurane vs. SAH+Isoflurane+EX-527, by ANOVA and Newman–Keuls multiple comparison test. ns—nonsignificant. (B) Representative images for vasospasm. ISO—Isoflurane. Arrow mark represents the middle cerebral artery vessel. Scale bar = 500 μm. (C) p < 0.05 Sham vs. SAH, # p < 0.05 SAH vs. SAH-postC, & p < 0.05 SAH vs. SAH-postC+EX-527 by ANOVA and two-way repeated measures ANOVA with Newman–Keuls multiple comparisons test.