Table 3.
Pre- to posttreatment changes in substance use and mental health measures (n=51).
| Variable | Pretreatment | Posttreatment | t test (df) | P value | |
| Substance use occasionsa, mean (SD) | 29.5 (14.0) | 20.1 (17.8) | −4.72 (50) | <.001 | |
| Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test-Concise, mean (SD) | |||||
| Full sample | 5.3 (2.9) | 4.0 (3.2) | −3.58 (50) | <.001 | |
| At-risk at pretreatmentb | 6.7 (2.0) | 4.9 (3.2) | −3.92 (38) | <.001 | |
| Drug Abuse Screening Test-10 item, mean (SD) | |||||
| Full sample | 2.9 (2.7) | 1.7 (2.4) | −4.25 (50) | <.001 | |
| At-risk at pretreatmentb | 5.3 (1.5) | 3.1 (2.6) | −5.00 (26) | <.001 | |
| Confidence scores (0%-100%), mean (SD) | |||||
| Negative emotional | 37.2 (28.4) | 56.3 (27.9) | 3.86 (50) | <.001 | |
| Negative physical | 49.2 (31.1) | 64.8 (30.7) | 3.41 (50) | .001 | |
| Positive emotional | 61.7 (28.2) | 75.2 (26.8) | 2.98 (50) | .004 | |
| Testing personal control | 51.7 (31.0) | 63.4 (30.6) | 2.42 (50) | .03 | |
| Urges and temptations | 37.9 (23.6) | 57.5 (28.6) | 5.52 (50) | <.001 | |
| Interpersonal conflict | 40.9 (28.2) | 61.2 (31.1) | 4.62 (50) | <.001 | |
| Social pressure | 43.8 (32.5) | 63.4 (33.7) | 3.64 (50) | .001 | |
| Positive social | 45.5 (31.6) | 60.8 (30.2) | 3.56 (50) | .001 | |
| Overall confidence average score | 46.0 (19.3) | 62.8 (22.4) | 5.62 (50) | <.001 | |
| Bothered by cravings in the past 7 days, n (%) | |||||
| Not at all or a little bit | 16 (31.4) | 27 (53) | N/Ac | .013d | |
| Moderately or quite a bit or extremely | 35 (68.6) | 24 (47) | N/A | .013d | |
| Pain intensity in the past 7 days, mean (SD) | 24.3 (22.2) | 24.2 (22.0) | −0.02 (50) | .982 | |
| Pain interfere with work in the past 30 days, n (%) | |||||
| Not at all or a little bit | 40 (78.4) | 40 (78) | N/A | 1.00d | |
| Moderately or quite a bit or extremely | 11 (21.5) | 11 (22) | N/A | 1.00d | |
| Patient Health Questionnaire-8 item depression, mean (SD) | 10.7 (5.3) | 8.6 (5.1) | −2.91 (50) | .005 | |
| General Anxiety Disorder-7 item anxiety, mean (SD) | 10.1 (5.7) | 7.8 (5.3) | −3.45 (50) | .001 | |
aReflects number of days of use summed across substances.
bAnalyses run for the subgroup of participants scoring in the clinical range at pretreatment, which are scores of 4+ for men and 3+ for women on the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test-Concise and scores of 3+ on the Drug Abuse Screening Test-10 item.
cN/A: not applicable.
dP value obtained with McNemar’s test.