Table 1.
Participant characteristics
| PTSD symptom group (n = 20) | TC (n = 29) | Statistics | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Boys (n (%)) | 12 (60.0%) | 14 (48.3%) | X2 = .65, df = 1, p = .419 |
| Age (years) | 14.25 (0.44) | 14.79 (0.41) | U = 132.50, p < .001* |
| Puberty stage1 | 3.21 (0.71) | 3.34 (0.81) | T46 = 0.59, p = .561 |
| Index trauma (n (%)) Death Emotional Trauma Medical Trauma Physical Trauma Accidents Other |
5 (25.0%) 5 (25.0%) 2 (10.0%) 1 (5.0%) 1 (5.0%) 6 (30.0%) |
13 (44.8%) - 8 (27.6%) 3 (10.3%) 1 (3.4%) 4 (13.8%) |
|
| Total trauma exposure (nr of experienced event types) | 5.65 (3.69) | 2.86 (1.81) | U = 140.50, p = .002* |
| PTSD symptom severity (total CRIES score)2 Intrusion Avoidance Arousal |
32.30 (5.98) 8.20 (5.36) 11.85 (3.90) 11.95 (4.72) |
2.34 (2.08) 0.34 (0.61) 0.69 (1.20) 1.31 (1.95) |
T22.19 = −21.54, p < .001* U = 563.00, p < .001* U = 579.50, p < .001* T46.45 = −11.71, p < .001* |
|
General functioning General perceived stress3 Sleep problems4 Socio-emotional behaviour and problems5 Emotional symptoms Conduct problems Hyperactivity/Inattention Peer problems Prosocial Behaviour Total Difficulties Eating behaviour and problems6 Emotional eating Restrained eating External eating |
25.33 (4.77) 0.95 (0.39) 3.56 (2.77) 1.11 (1.13) 4.17 (2.07) 1.22 (1.17) 8.56 (1.15) 10.06 (4.49) 14.72 (9.77) 8.94 (6.94) 19.83 (4.27) |
20.50 (4.35) 0.68 (0.37) 1.43 (1.29) 0.89 (0.96) 2.82 (2.55) 0.50 (0.92) 8.89 (1.37) 5.64 (3.71) 8.21 (7.60) 5.68 (6.12) 20.29 (5.75) |
T44 = −3.54, p = .001* T47 = −2.41, p = .020* U = 142.00, p = .011* U = 225.50, p = .524 U = 169.00, p = .059 U = 162.00, p = .023* U = 195.50, p = .185 U = 113.00, p = .002* T44 = −2.53, p = .015* U = 325.50, p = .097 T44 = 0.29, p = .776 |
| Ethnicity (n (%)) Western European Non-Western European |
19 (95.0%) 1 (5.0) |
29 (100%) - |
p = .408 |
| Hand preference (n right-handed (n (%))) | 17 (85.0%) | 29 (100%) | p = .062 |
Scores are displayed as mean (SD) or n (%). 1Categorical stage of puberty according to Petersen, Crockett, Richards, and Boxer (1988), PTSD symptom group n = 19; TC n = 29; 2Children Revised Impact of Event Scale (CRIES-13) total score based on index trauma, PTSD symptom group n = 20; TC n = 29; 3Perceived Stress Questionnaire (PSQ14), PTSD symptom group n = 18; TC n = 28; 4Children’s Report of Sleep Patterns (CRSP), PTSD symptom group n = 20; TC n = 29; 5Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ), PTSD symptom group n = 18; TC n = 28, 6Dutch Eating Behaviour Questionnaire (DEBQ), PTSD symptom group n = 18; TC n = 28, *p < .05