Table 4.
nSEM Exploratory Moderation Model Results for Latent Word Reading, Non-Word Reading, Fluency, Reading Comprehension, Phonological Processing, and Observed Growth Mindset with Baseline Pretest and Growth Mindset as Moderators.
| Comparison | Outcome | Model | -2LL | nParm | AIC | BIC | Δ−2LL | Δdf | p |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Reading vs. BAU | Word Reading | Fixed | 8726.57 | 25 | 8776.57 | 8903.17 | |||
| Freed | 8849.46 | 27 | 8903.46 | 9040.19 | −122.89 | 2 | - | ||
| Non Word Reading | Fixed | 8381.05 | 25 | 8431.05 | 8557.65 | ||||
| Freed | 8382.38 | 27 | 8436.38 | 8573.10 | −1.33 | 2 | - | ||
| Fluency | Fixed | 9320.47 | 25 | 9370.47 | 9497.05 | ||||
| Freed | 9319.94 | 27 | 9373.94 | 9510.64 | 0.54 | 2 | .765 | ||
| Reading Comp. | Fixed | 9642.90 | 25 | 9692.90 | 9819.43 | ||||
| Freed | 9687.43 | 27 | 9741.43 | 9878.08 | −44.53 | 2 | - | ||
| Phon. Processing | Fixed | 7077.66 | 25 | 7127.66 | 7254.19 | ||||
| Freed | 7075.75 | 27 | 7129.75 | 7266.40 | 1.91 | 2 | .384 | ||
| Reading/Mindset vs. BAU | Word Reading | Fixed | 8747.37 | 26 | 8799.37 | 8930.86 | |||
| Freed | 8747.19 | 28 | 8803.19 | 8944.79 | 0.18 | 2 | .913 | ||
| Non Word Reading | Fixed | 8363.04 | 26 | 8415.04 | 8546.52 | ||||
| Freed | 8362.69 | 28 | 8418.69 | 8560.28 | 0.35 | 2 | .838 | ||
| Fluency | Fixed | 9285.78 | 26 | 9337.78 | 9469.26 | ||||
| Freed | 9285.40 | 28 | 9341.40 | 9483.00 | 0.38 | 2 | .829 | ||
| Reading Comp. | Fixed | 9554.29 | 26 | 9606.29 | 9737.71 | ||||
| Freed | 9554.05 | 28 | 9610.05 | 9751.58 | 0.24 | 2 | .887 | ||
| Phon. Processing | Fixed | 7126.53 | 26 | 7178.53 | 7309.92 | ||||
| Freed | 7125.84 | 28 | 7181.84 | 7323.34 | 0.68 | 2 | .710 | ||
| Reading vs. Reading/Mindset | Word Reading | Fixed | 8646.57 | 26 | 8698.57 | 8830.07 | |||
| Freed | 8644.82 | 28 | 8700.82 | 8842.44 | 1.74 | 2 | .418 | ||
| Non Word Reading | Fixed | 8326.52 | 26 | 8378.52 | 8510.03 | ||||
| Freed | 8332.43 | 28 | 8388.43 | 8530.05 | −5.90 | 2 | - | ||
| Fluency | Fixed | 9355.82 | 26 | 9407.82 | 9539.30 | ||||
| Freed | 9355.25 | 28 | 9411.25 | 9552.85 | 0.56 | 2 | .755 | ||
| Reading Comp. | Fixed | 9426.96 | 26 | 9478.96 | 9610.42 | ||||
| Freed | 9424.59 | 28 | 9480.59 | 9622.16 | 2.37 | 2 | .306 | ||
| Phon. Processing | Fixed | 7206.07 | 26 | 7258.07 | 7389.51 | ||||
| Freed | 7206.07 | 28 | 7262.07 | 7403.62 | 0.00 | 2 | .999 |
Note. BAU = business-as-usual condition; Reading = reading intervention condition; Reading Plus = reading intervention plus mindset condition. −2LL = −2*log likelihood, AIC =Akaike Information Criteria, BIC = Bayes Information Criteria. Fixed is a model where the post-test latent means were constrained to equality. Freed is a model where the post-test latent means were free to vary.